Efficacy and economics of fungicides for management of mango anthracnose

First report of stemphyllium leaf blight diseases on shallots in West Sumatra, Indonesia

“…The conidia are brown, round to oval, and covered with pale to dark brown conidiophores (2B). It is the same as the previous description of S. vesicarium by [5], [10], [11].…”

“…Disease severity was determined by a 0 -5 visual scale (where: 0: no disease; 1: minute pinhead size spots, 1 -10% diseased leaf area; 2: 11 -20% diseased; 3: 21 -40% diseased; 4: the breaking off leaves from center, 41 -75% diseased leaf area; 5: coalescing lesions with >75% diseased area) [5]. The severity of the disease is calculated using the following formula.…”

Studies on fungicides against Rhizoctonia solani f.sp. Sasakii causing banded leaf and sheath blight of maize

“…In vitro screening of fungicides reveal the efficacy of various fungicides and provide firsthand information confirming fungi toxicity against specific pathogen and therefore it serves as a reliable basis for field testing validamycin, difenoconazole and hexaconazole are found to be effective in inhibiting the growth of pathogen in in vitro condition. Under field condition also, all the fungicides except mancozeb were effective in reduce severity (Ahuja and Payak, 1986;Puzari et al, 1998, Pandey, 1992 and Sharma and Rai, 1999) [11,9,13] . Field experiment was conducted during kharif season 2016 at Central Agricultural Research Farm, Bhubaneswar farm, Bhubaneswar in a Randomized block design with three replications to assess the possibility of managing disease by different eight fungicides.…”

“…and Rai, S.N. 1999) [13] . Some chemicals like carbendazim and Thiophanate-methyl also proved most effective as they caused the maximum inhibition of mycelial growth (Kumar V. and Jha M.M, 2000) [17] .…”

The protective potential of aFraxinus xanthoxyloidesethyl acetate fraction against CCl4-induced oxidative stress in the cardiac tissue of rats

“…Decoction from the bark of its stem is utilized by local people for the reduction of labor pain 15 and bone fractures. 16 Being enriched with a variety of phytochemicals such as phenylethanoids, avonoids, secoiridoids, lignins, and coumarins, the genus Fraxinus is reported in literature as an anticancer, renoprotective, antioxidant, anti-inammatory, and anti-diabetic agent. 17 This experimental research was performed to prove the potential efficacy of the leaves of Fraxinus xanthoxyloides against CCl 4 -induced cardiotoxicity in rats and, as far as the authors are aware, the cardio-protective potential of this plant has not yet been determined.…”