Efficacy of 10‐20‐30 training versus moderate‐intensity continuous training on HbA1c, body composition and maximum oxygen uptake in male patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized controlled trial

Abstract

Aim: To compare the efficacy of 10-20-30 training versus moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT) on HbA1c, body composition and maximum oxygen uptake (V O 2 max) in male patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). Materials and Methods: Fifty-one male participants with T2D were randomly assigned (1:1) to a 10-20-30 (N = 26) and a MICT (N = 25) training group. Interventions consisted of supervised cycling three times weekly for 10 weeks, lasting 29 minutes (10-20-30) and 50 minutes (MICT) in a local non-clinical setting. The primary outcome was change in HbA1c from baseline to 10-week follow-up. Results: Of 51 participants enrolled, 44 (mean age 61.0 ± 6.8 [mean ± SD] years, diagnosed 7.5 ± 5.8 years, baseline HbA1c 7.4% ± 1.3%) were included in the analysis. Training compliance was 84% and 86% in 10-20-30 and MICT, respectively. No adverse events occurred during the intervention. HbA1c decreased (P <0.001) by 0.5 (95% CI −0.72 to −0.21) percentage points with training in 10-20-30, with no change in MICT. The change in 10-20-30 was greater (P <0.05) than in MICT. Visceral fat mass decreased (P <0.05) only with 10-20-30 training, whereas total fat mass decreased (P <0.01) and V O 2 max increased (P <0.01) with training in both groups. Conclusions: Ten weeks of 10-20-30 training was superior to MICT in lowering HbA1c, and only 10-20-30 training decreased visceral fat mass in patients with T2D. Furthermore, 10-20-30 training was as effective as MICT in reducing total fat mass and increasing V O 2 max, despite a 42% lower training time commitment. K E Y W O R D S glycaemic control, high-intensity interval training, oral glucose tolerance test, skeletal muscle protein adaptations, sprint-interval training.

High-Intensity Interval Training Decreases Muscle Sympathetic Nerve Activity in Men With Essential Hypertension and in Normotensive Controls

“…Despite the all-out nature of the 10-s sprints, they are wieldy which may be important for long-term adherence in patients with essential hypertension. Recently, we have shown cycling-based 10-20-30 training to be effective in lowering BP and improving vascular function, V̇O 2 -max, and body composition in concert with a high compliance in various patient groups ( Fiorenza et al, 2018 ; Toennesen et al, 2018 ; Baasch-Skytte et al, 2020 ; Gunnarsson et al, 2020 ). It is conceivable that the anti-hypertensive effects of the 10-20-30 training relates to a high adrenergic stressor response and/or marked metabolic perturbations as observed during short-term sprinting ( Fiorenza et al, 2018 ; Gunnarsson et al, 2019 ), which may reduce the MSNA levels in concert with BP in hypertensive individuals.…”

Skeletal muscle proteins important for work capacity are altered with type 2 diabetes — Effect of 10‐20‐30 training

“…The study was part of a larger study investigating the effect of HIIT on glycemic control in men with type 2 diabetes (Baasch‐Skytte et al, 2020). In addition, for baseline comparisons nondiabetes counterparts were included from a previous study (Fiorenza et al, 2018).…”

“…High‐intensity interval training (HIIT) is effective in improving health‐related outcomes in patients with cardiovascular and metabolic diseases (Baasch‐Skytte et al, 2020; Fiorenza et al, 2018; Rognmo et al, 2012; Tjonna et al, 2008), and whether skeletal muscle protein adaptations are associated with improvements in exercise capacity.…”

Reply to “Letter to the editor: In response to Gunnarsson et al. on improving the quality of exercise interventions”

“…This is important during 10-20-30 cycling training, as changes in resistance before and after the 10-s sprints may range from 250 W to more than 1,000 W, depending on individual fitness status. Similar bikes were used in two recent 10-20-30 cycling training intervention studies from our group (1,4), reporting marked positive effects on health-related outcomes in men with cardiometabolic disease, i.e., hypertension and type 2 diabetes, after 6-10 wk of 10-20-30 cycling training.…”

“…During a 10-20-30 cycling training session, the repeated allout sprints will induce marked muscle ionic perturbations, full recruitment of skeletal muscle fibers, and heavy taxation of both aerobic and anaerobic energy metabolism (5,7), despite that exercise intensity may drop from the first to the last sprint. These combined marked muscular responses and high aerobic load during the 10-20-30 cycling training are believed to be the main driving force for the significant health-related adaptations observed following a period of 10-20-30 training in men with cardiometabolic disease (1,4,9) and in healthy individuals (6).…”