Efficacy of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine containing a Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid in calves challenge exposed with Bibersteinia trehalosi

Bowersock, T. L.; Sobecki, Brian; Terrill, Sarah J.; Martinon, Nathalie C; Meinert, T.R.; Leyh, Randy D.

doi:10.2460/ajvr.75.8.770

Cited by 19 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Although there are phylogenetic differences between B. trehalosi and Mannheimia haemolytica (separate genus and species), they share certain virulence factors such as lipopolysaccharide and leukotoxin (Bowersock et al 2014;Hanthorn et al 2014;Murugananthan et al 2018). Consequently, the use of vaccines containing Mannheimia haemolytica with high concentrations of leukotoxoid and cell wall antigen has shown cross-protection (Cortese et al 2012;Bowersock et al 2014).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute fibrinous pleuropneumonia and septicaemia caused byBibersteinia trehalosiin neonatal calves in New Zealand

Brown

Bycroft

Adam³

et al. 2020

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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Case history: In July and August 2019, 15/40, ≤48-hour-old calves became acutely ill. The calves were all born on-farm, transferred to pens soon after birth, and fed with "gold" colostrum. The hygiene, biosecurity and ventilation in the pens were poor. Of the 15 calves, 11 died or were euthanised and four calves, ≤48-hour-old, that became acutely ill later in the outbreak were treated with cefquinome, a fourth-generation cephalosporin, and recovered. Clinical findings: The affected calves presented with acute recumbency, lethargy, tachypnoea, tachycardia, increased lung sounds, inability to stand or feed, and dehydration without pyrexia. Pathological findings: Gross findings in a calf that died naturally included fibrinous pleuropneumonia, marked oedematous expansion of the interlobular septa, especially in the ventral lung lobes, fibrinous polyserositis and fibrinous polyarthritis. A second calf that was euthanised had strikingly similar lung lesions. Histologically, the pulmonary interlobular septa of both calves were prominently expanded by oedema, dilated lymphatics and the infiltration of numerous neutrophils and macrophages interspersed with small Gram-negative rod bacteria. Likewise, the visceral pleura showed fibrinopurulent inflammation with numerous small Gram-negative rods. Microbiological findings: Microbial culture and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry identified Bibersteinia trehalosi in the lung, stifle joint and peritoneal cavity of the first calf and lung of the second. Diagnosis: B. trehalosi acute fibrinous pleuropneumonia and septicaemia. Clinical relevance: This is the first report of the clinical findings and histological lesions of B. trehalosi pleuropneumonia and septicaemia in calves in New Zealand. The pathogen is isolated with increasing frequency from cases of bovine respiratory disease in dairy cows, feedlot cattle and calves in the United Kingdom and North America. The importance of microbial culture in cases such as this with unusual lung lesions in calves <48 hours of age, cannot be over emphasised. Cefquinome was administered to all remaining heifer calves and four calves that became ill later in the outbreak recovered after cefquinome treatment.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Acute fibrinous pleuropneumonia and septicaemia caused byBibersteinia trehalosiin neonatal calves in New Zealand

Brown

Bycroft

Adam³

et al. 2020

New Zealand Veterinary Journal

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“…Seventeen studies evaluated the effect of vaccination of young dairy calves in the presence of different levels of MA with MLV (14 studies) or KV vaccines (3 studies) on reduction of BRD-associated morbidity and mortality after experimental inoculation with respiratory viruses. [9][10][11][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63] In all studies, calves were vaccinated between 3 days and 4.5 months of age. Experimental inoculation with respiratory viruses occurred between 5 days and 9 months after vaccination.…”

Section: There Is Strong and High-quality Evidence That Vaccination Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Bovine Respiratory Disease Vaccination Against Viral Pathogens

Chamorro

Palomares

2020

Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice

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“…There have been other studies investigating the effect of inactivated multivalent vaccines with some positive results; for example, lower lung scores and mortality (Bowersock and others 2014). However, these studies have relatively small numbers of calves (usually fewer than 40 calves per study) and the results, therefore, must be viewed with caution.…”

Section: Vaccination: When and Where To Start?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Calf immunology and the role of vaccinations in dairy calves

Sherwin¹,

Down²

2018

In Practice

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The risk of mortality and morbidity in calves is highest during the first few weeks of life. The main causes of mortality change throughout the preweaning period: septicaemia is most likely to occur in neonatal calves (up to 28 days of age); diarrhoea in calves less than 30 days old, and bovine respiratory disease in dairy calves more than 30 days old (McGuirk 2008). During this critical period, many producers look to vaccination and other preventive interventions to minimise the risk of disease. This article discusses the role of vaccinations in the rearing of dairy calves, alongside other preventive measures, and considers the immunological changes that occur during the first few weeks of a calf’s life that are intrinsically linked with risk of morbidity and subsequent mortality in calves.

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Efficacy of a multivalent modified-live virus vaccine containing a Mannheimia haemolytica toxoid in calves challenge exposed with Bibersteinia trehalosi

Abstract: Administration of a multivalent MLV vaccine containing M haemolytica toxoid protected calves against challenge exposure with virulent B trehalosi by reducing the mortality rate, lung lesion scores, and clinical scores for respiratory disease.

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Acute fibrinous pleuropneumonia and septicaemia caused byBibersteinia trehalosiin neonatal calves in New Zealand

Acute fibrinous pleuropneumonia and septicaemia caused byBibersteinia trehalosiin neonatal calves in New Zealand

Bovine Respiratory Disease Vaccination Against Viral Pathogens

Calf immunology and the role of vaccinations in dairy calves

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