Efficacy of bath and orally administered praziquantel and fenbendazole against Lepidotrema bidyana Murray, a monogenean parasite of silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell)

Abstract

We investigated the efficacy of praziquantel (PZQ) and fenbendazole (FBZ), each administered by bath and orally, against the monogenean Lepidotrema bidyana Murray, a gill parasite of the freshwater fish silver perch, Bidyanus bidyanus (Mitchell). PZQ and FBZ were each administered by bath at 10 mg L⁻¹ for 48 h and on surface-coated feed pellets at 75 mg kg⁻¹ per body weight (BW) per day for 6 days. Bath treatments of PZQ and FBZ had an efficacy of 99% and 91%, respectively, against adult L. bidyana. Oral treatments of PZQ and FBZ had an efficacy of 79% and 95%, respectively, against adult L. bidyana. Fish rejected feed pellets surface-coated with PZQ, suggesting that palatability of surface-coated PZQ-medicated feed is poor, which undermined efficacy. In all trials, some juvenile parasites were present on fish after treatment during efficacy assessment, indicating that efficacy may be lower against juvenile parasites or that recruitment occurred post-treatment, demonstrating that repeat treatments are necessary to effectively control L. bidyana in aquaculture.

Praziquantel treatment for yellowtail kingfish (Seriola lalandi): dose and duration safety study

“…A variety of praziquantel preparations for pet use, including tablets and injectable medications for cats and dogs, is available in many countries, including in the European Union, the USA and Australia. Praziquantel has a chemotherapeutic effect against skin and gill monogeneans when administered orally (Hirazawa et al 2000;Kim et al 2001;Janse and Borgsteede 2003;Hirazawa et al 2004;Williams et al 2007;Forwood et al 2013).…”

Mebendazole dietary supplementation controls Monogenoidea (Platyhelminthes: Dactylogyridae) and does not alter the physiology of the freshwater fish Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1818)

“…Therapeutic bathes (Hashimoto et al, 2016;Malheiros et al, 2016;Soares et al, 2016) and medicated diet (Kim and Choi, 1998;Forwood et al, 2013;Militz et al, 2013) have been used to control monogenean infestations. The most used treatments for monogenean parasites are formalin, potassium permanganate, sodium chloride, acetic acid, hydrogen peroxide (Kabata, 1985;Thatcher, 1991;Fajer-Ávila et al, 2003;Araújo et al, 2004;Bowker et al, 2012;Chagas et al, 2012;Farmer et al, 2013).…”

Toxicological evaluation of plant crude extracts on helminth parasites of Clarias gariepinus using host low observed effect concentration (LOEC)

“…Avoidance of economic losses associated with this problem, several drugs like trichlorforms or parziquantel in bath treatments for ectoparasites has numerous disadvantages like development of resistance (Umeda et al, 2006), being hazardous for animal health (Kiemer and Black, 1997;Forwood et al, 2013) and environmental disadvantages. Considering the potential harm of veterinary drug treatments on the environment and fish health and in some cases their limited efficacy, disease management should concentrate on harmless, preventive and lasting methods.…”