Efficacy of Copper Oxide and Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles on Controlling Black Scurf Disease on Potato

Abstract

Black scurf disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani is common on potato crop worldwide. The current study aimed to evaluate the antifungal activity of CuONPs and MgONPs on R. solani in laboratory, greenhouse and field trials. Field trials were conducted under naturally infected fields located in two Governorates, Behera and Menoufia. Potato tubers cv. Spunta were soaked in different concentrations (75, 150 and 200 mg/L) of the tested NPs for 2 hours pre-planting. Disease severity (DS) and disease incidence (DI) of black scurf symptoms on the harvested potato tubers were estimated. Ultrastructural changes in R. solani hyphae in response to the tested NPs were also detected using Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM). Physiological and biochemical activities were also determined in potato leaves after 20, 40 and 60 days of planting. In vitro results showed that MgONPs at 200 mg/L exhibited the greatest inhibitory effect on the mycelial growth of R. solani, with inhibition reached 73.47 %. Ultrastructural micrographs of TEM images of R. solani hyphae confirmed the damage induced by NPs. Greenhouse results exhibited that the great reduction in DI and DS% was achieved by MgONPs at concentration 200 mg/L, with efficacy reached 85.07 and 93.47 %, respectively. The same trend of greenhouse results was observed, of which MgONPs at concentration 200 mg/L, had significant (p<0.05) effect in reducing both DI and DS% in both Menoufia and Behera field trials. Also, MgONPs had a significant (p<0.05) effect in increasing the yield of potato tubers in both field trials. NPs had great impact in increasing enzyme activities, phenols and chlorophyll content when compared to untreated control plants. Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectrometry (EDX) analysis confirmed the presence of CuONPs in the tissues of treated harvested potato tubers compared with the control. The accumulation of CuONPs in edible plant tissues is a critical issue that could impact human health, and this should be taken in consideration when establishing control program for black scurf disease.

Evaluation of Some Nanoparticles Against Sclerotium rolfsii the Cause of Root and Crown Rots in Common Beans

“…Copper nanoparticles were used against various fungal phytopathogens belonging to various genera, such as Alternaria, Macrophomina, Fusarium, Penicillium, Colletotrichum, Rhizoctonia, Phytophthora, and Botrytis (Gunalan et al, 2012;Sankar et al, 2014;Ismail, 2021). Rubina et al (2017) reported cytoplasmic loss, cytoplasmic coagulation, distortion, and destruction of fungal Our results demonstrated that CaO-NPs have no significant effect on the hyphal growth of S. rolfsii, while the effect of CaO-NPs was limited to the aggregation of sclerotia, which decreased sclerotial germination.…”

Efficacy of Biological Copper Oxide Nanoparticles on Controlling Damping-Off Disease and Growth Dynamics of Sugar Beet (Beta vulgaris L.) Plants

“…Recent findings from [57] showed that lentil (Lens culinaris) plants treated with various doses of CuO-NPs have elevated APX and SOD activity (0.01, 0.025, and 0.05 mg mL −1 ). Additionally, 20 days after planting, potato plants treated with CuO-NPs at a dosage of 200 mg L −1 showed an increase in PO and PPO activity [58].…”

“…According to [61], field-testing with CuO-NPs at 200 µL L −1 resulted in a 100% decrease in the Rhizoctonia solani-caused black scurf disease. Copper-based NPs showed promise in preventing Phytophthora infestans-caused tomato late blight [62], as well as a number of fungal diseases such as A. alternata and Botrytis cinerea [63], tomato Fusarium wilt [64], and black scurf disease in potato [58].…”

Studying the Efficiency of Some Nanoparticles on Some Plant Pathogenic Fungi and Their Effects on Hyphal Morphology

“…The mechanism of definition against microbial pathogens initiates with the induction of defense enzymes such as PPO, deposition of the cell wall, and hypersensitive response (26). CuO NPs and MgO NPs had a great impact on increasing the enzyme activities of PPO (Ismail 2021). Treated with ZnO NPs increased the activities of PPO enzyme defense (16).…”