Efficacy of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. (Solanales: Convolvulaceae) and Lupinus albus L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) crude extracts against nymphs and adults of Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae)

Abstract

The planthopper, Orosanga japonica (Melichar, 1898) (Hemiptera: Ricaniidae), is an important agricultural pest of grapevine, kiwifruit and tea in Asia and in some countries of Eastern Europe. The efficacy of the crude extracts of Cuscuta campestris Yunck. (Solanales: Convolvulaceae) and Lupinus albus L. (Fabales: Fabaceae) plants was evaluated under laboratory conditions for control of O. japonica nymphs and adults collected in 2019 from Rize (Turkey). Their toxic efficacies were investigated by two different methods. Fixed-dose death rates were used for LT50 calculation and dosage test results were used for LC50 calculation. Also, the phenolic constituents of active plant extracts were examined using HPLC-DAD. Generally, the LT50 values obtained using ethyl acetate extracts were lower than those with methanol extracts. LT50 values of adults were found lower than in nymphs. The test plants crude extracts had high activity at and below 2 g/L (LC90) for two different plants. HPLC-DAD results showed that the high concentration of kaempferol and quercetin for each extract. Extracts of both plants gave promising results for use in O. japonica control, but more detailed studies on the active constituents of these candidate plants need to be undertaken.

In-vitro evaluation of photoprotection, cytotoxicity and phototoxicity of aqueous extracts of Cuscuta campestris and Rosa damascene by MTT method and UV spectroscopy analysis

“…In vitro methods for evaluating the sunscreen potentials of materials are generally of two types. Methods that involve measuring the absorption or transmission of UV radiation through sunscreen product films on quartz plates or bio-membranes, and methods in which the absorption characteri s tics of sunscreen agents are determined based on spectrophotometric analysis of dilute solutions [2,3,26]. In the present s tudy, the UV absorption of each sample was obtained and the Mansur equation was applied to find the final SPF.…”

“…This holoparasitic plant has been applied to treat a liver injury, cancer prevention, sciatica, scurvy, and scrofula derma [22][23][24]. Based on reported works, polyphenolic compounds such as quercetin, sinapic acid, kaempferol, isorhamnetin hesperidin, and eugenol were identified in extracts from C. campe s tris [25,26]. The ethyl acetate extract of the plant has the s tronge s t antioxidant effect due to the highe s t content of flavonoid compounds kaempferol and quercetin [22].…”

“…Spectrophotometry is the quantitative measurement of the reflection or transmission properties of a material as a function of wavelength. The use of UV-Vis spectrophotometry, especially in the analysis of pharmaceutical forms, has increased rapidly in recent years [2,3,26]. In vitro methods for evaluating the sunscreen potentials of materials are generally of two types.…”