Efficacy of Epidural Morphine Versus Intravenous Morphine for Post-Thoractotomy Pain in Dogs

Popilskis, Sulli; Kohn, Dennis F.; Laurent, L.; Danilo, Peter

doi:10.1111/j.1467-2995.1993.tb00104.x

Cited by 50 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…In the current study, in all treatments groups, serum cortisol did not exceed the reference range (0.96 to 6.81 g/dl) at any evaluated time point. However, in all groups, serum cortisol levels were highest at 1 hour postoperative, which agrees with previous studies 11,25,26 . As time progressed, the cortisol concentration returned to baseline values by 24 hours…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

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Electroanalgesia for the postoperative control pain in dogs

Cassu

Silva²,

Filho³

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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PURPOSE:To evaluate the analgesic and neuroendocrine effects of electroanalgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. METHODS:Eighteen dogs were randomly distributed to three groups of six animals each and received either electrical stimuli at acupuncture points (EA), at peri-incisional dermatomes (DER) and at both acupuncture points and peri-incisional dermatomes (EAD).Pre-anesthetic medication was acepromazine (0.05mg kg -1 , IV). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4 to 5mg kg -1 , IV) and maintained with isoflurane. Postoperatively pain degree was measured using a numerical rating scale. Dogs were scored at 1, 3, 6, 12 and 24 hours postoperative. If the pain score was ≥6, supplemental morphine (0.5mg kg -1 , IM) was administered. Serum cortisol concentration was measured before pre-anesthetic medication (basal), and at 1, 12 and 24 hours postoperative. RESULTS:EA and EAD-treated dogs had lower pain scores than DER treated dogs one hour postoperatively. Fewer EA and EADtreated dogs required rescue analgesia. Serum cortisol did not differ among treatments. CONCLUSION:Preoperative application of electrical stimuli to acupuncture points isolated or in combination with periincisional dermatomes provides a reduced postoperative opioid requirement and promotes an effective analgesia in dogs undergoing ovariohyterectomy.Key words: Electroacupuncture. Analgesia. Ovary. Hysterectomy. Salpingectomy. Dogs. RESUMO OBJETIVO:Avaliar os efeitos analgésicos e neuroendócrinos da eletroanalgesia em cadelas encaminhadas para ovariossalpingohisterectomia. MÉTODOS:Foram avaliadas 18 cadelas, distribuídas aleatoriamente em três tratamentos de seis animais cada: aplicação de estímulo elétrico em pontos de acupuntura (EA), em dermátomos periincisionais (DER) e em pontos de acupuntura associados aos dermátomos periincisionais (EAD). Todos os animais foram tranquilizados com acepromazina (0,05mg kg -1 , IV), seguindo-se a indução com propofol (4 a 5mg kg -1 , IV) e manutenção anestésica com isofluorano. O grau de analgesia foi avaliado 1, 3, 6, 12 e 24 horas após a cirurgia mediante escala descritiva numérica. Animais com escores ≥6 receberam analgesia de resgate com morfina (0,5mg kg -1 , IM). A concentração sérica de cortisol foi avaliada antes da tranquilização, 1, 12 e 24 horas após a cirurgia. RESULTADOS:Escores inferiores de dor foram observados nos tratamentos EA e EAD em relação ao DER na primeira hora pós-operatória. A analgesia de resgate foi menos requerida nos animais dos tratamentos EA e EAD. O cortisol não diferiu entre os tratamentos.CONCLUSÃO: A eletroestimulação de acupontos isolados ou associados aos dermátomos periincisionais reduz o requerimento pós-operatório de opioides, bem como confere efetiva analgesia para cadelas submetidas à ovariossalpingohisterectomia.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 82%

“…However, serum cortisol concentration is not pathognomonic for pain 25 , and conditions such as handling, fear, differences in temperament of individual dogs are non-pain related and can stimulate stress responses 11 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Electroanalgesia for the postoperative control pain in dogs

Cassu

Silva²,

Filho³

et al. 2012

Acta Cir. Bras.

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“…In humans, extradural administration of opioids has been shown to have favorable effects on metabolites and hormonal variables in the immediate postoperative period 28 . Previous studies have reported that dogs receiving ED morphine 29 or ED methadone 3 have lower postoperative serum cortisol levels than those receiving the same analgesic by IV administration.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A comparison of extradural tramadol and extradural morphine for postoperative analgesia in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

et al. 2012

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PURPOSE: To compare the postoperative analgesic effects of the extradural tramadol or morphine in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy. METHODS: Sixteen female dogs were randomly assigned to two groups of eight animals each and received morphine (0.1mg kg-1 M group) or tramadol (2mg kg-1 T group). The pre-anesthetic medication was intravenously (iv) acepromazine (0.05mg kg-1). Anesthesia was induced with propofol (4mg kg-1iv) and maintained with isoflurane. The degree of analgesia was evaluated using a numerical rating scale that included physiologic and behavior variables. Dogs were scored at one, three, six and 12 hours after surgery by one blinded observer. Dogs were treated with morphine (0.5mg kg-1) if their scores were >6. Serum cortisol was measured before the pre-anesthetic medication was administered (basal), at the time of the ovarian pedicle clamping (T0), and at 1 (T1), 6 (T6) and 12 (T12) hours postoperative. RESULTS: The pain score did not differ between morphine and tramadol treatments. Rescue analgesia was administered to one dog in the T treatment group. Serum cortisol did not differ between treatments. CONCLUSION: The extradural administration of morphine or tramadol is a safe and effective method of inducing analgesia in female dogs undergoing ovariohyterectomy.

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“…A morfina pode ser administrada tanto pela via sistêmica como pela via epidural em cães (POPILSKIS; KOHN; LAURENT, 1993;MCFARLAND;SWANN, 2005). Entretanto, a principal preocupação sobre seus efeitos, quando administrada pela via intravenosa, é a bradicardia e hipotensão, além da depressão respiratória, podendo facilmente produzir apnéia (HANSEN, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

“…A morfina quando administrada pela via epidural na dose de 0,1mg/kg promove analgesia que perdura por até 24 horas, porém com período de latência entre 20 a 60 minutos (VALVERDE, 1989;POPILSKIS;KOHN;LAURENT, 1993;JONES, 2001;VALADÃO;FARIAS, 2002).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Avaliação clínica da analgesia pós-operatória proporcionada pelo cetoprofeno associado à morfina pela via intravenosa ou epidural em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia

et al. 2015

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ResumoA analgesia multimodal refere-se à prática de associar várias classes de analgésicos ou técnicas para atuar em diferentes pontos ao longo da via da dor. Objetivou-se avaliar clinicamente a qualidade da analgesia pós-operatória promovida pelo cetoprofeno, associado ou não à morfina pela via intravenosa ou epidural, em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia (OSH). Quarenta cadelas hígidas, pesando 10,7±6,0kg, tranquilizadas com acepromazina (0,05mg.kg -1 .iv), induzidas com propofol (5mg. kg -1 .iv) e mantidas sob anestesia inalatória com isoflurano, foram distribuídas em quatro grupos de 10 animais cada. Em Miv e CMiv as cadelas receberam após estabilização da anestesia inalatória, 0,2mg. kg -1 de morfina pela via intravenosa, diluídos em 10ml de salina; enquanto que os animais de Mep e CMep receberam 0,1mg.kg -1 de morfina pela via epidural. O cetoprofeno foi administrado na dose 2,0mg.kg -1 .im, nos grupos CMiv e CMep, 30 minutos após a medicação pré-anestésica. Mensuraram-se as frequências cardíaca (FC) e respiratória (f), pressão arterial sistólica (PAS), e temperatura retal (T). O grau de analgesia foi avaliado pelo método cego nas primeiras seis horas após a cirurgia, através de escalas de dor descritivas e escalas compostas por parâmetros fisiológicos e comportamentais. A estatística foi realizada mediante teste de Tukey-Kramer e análise não paramétrica de Kruskal-Wallis, com nível de significância de 5%. Não houve diferença estatística entre os quatro grupos estudados, em relação à analgesia pós-operatória, FC, f, PAS e T. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, pode-se concluir que o emprego do cetoprofeno, associado à morfina pela via intravenosa ou epidural proporcionou analgesia adequada e segura nas primeiras seis horas de analgesia pós-operatória em cadelas submetidas à OSH, sugerindo não haver potencialização analgésica quando da associação de ambos os agentes. Palavras-chave: Opióides, AINE, dor, cães AbstractMultimodal analgesia refers to the practice of combining multiple analgesic drug classes or techniques to target different points along the pain pathway. The objective of this work was to evaluate clinically if ketoprofen associated or not with intravenous or epidural morphine provided adequate postoperative analgesia in bitches undergoing ovariosalpingohysterectomy (OSH). Forty healthy female dogs,

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Efficacy of Epidural Morphine Versus Intravenous Morphine for Post-Thoractotomy Pain in Dogs

Cited by 50 publications

References 21 publications

Electroanalgesia for the postoperative control pain in dogs

Electroanalgesia for the postoperative control pain in dogs

A comparison of extradural tramadol and extradural morphine for postoperative analgesia in female dogs undergoing ovariohysterectomy

Avaliação clínica da analgesia pós-operatória proporcionada pelo cetoprofeno associado à morfina pela via intravenosa ou epidural em cadelas submetidas à ovariosalpingohisterectomia

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