Efficacy of integrated postharvest treatments against mixed innoculations ofpenicillium digitatumandgeotrichum citri‐aurantiiin ‘leng’ navel oranges (citrus sinensis)

Abstract:Control of green mold, caused by Penicillium digitatum, by fungicides raises several problems, such as emergence of resistant pathogens, as well as concerns about the environment and consumers' health. As potential alternatives, the effects of chitosan on green mold disease and the quality attributes of citrus fruits were investigated. Fruits were wounded then treated with different concentrations of chitosan 24 h before their inoculation with P. digitatum. The results of in vitro experiment demonstrated that the antifungal activity against P. digitatum was improved in concert to the increase of chitosan concentration. In an in vivo study, green mold was significantly reduced by chitosan treatments. In parallel, chitinase and glucanase activities were enhanced in coated fruits. Evidence suggested that effects of chitosan coating on green mold of mandarin fruits might be related to its fungitoxic properties against the pathogen and/or the elicitation of biochemical defense responses in coated fruits. Further, quality attributes including fruit firmness, surface color, juice content, and total soluble solids, were not affected by chitosan during storage. Moreover, the loss of weight was even less pronounced in chitosan-coated fruit.

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“…Sacc. is the primary postharvest disease affecting citrus production worldwide in the packing house, during transit and in the market [3][4][5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effectiveness of Postharvest Treatment with Chitosan to Control Citrus Green Mold

et al. 2016

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“…C rbend z m v t bend zole l n ữn ất k án nấm t ườn đượ sử dụn để k ểm soát nấm b n do Penicillium sp. gây ra cho cây có múi [21], n ưn l ó tá độn t u lâu d o on n ườ v m trườn . N ư v y ó t ể ứn dụn á n no n y t y t ế t u bảo v t v t tron n ế tá ủ nấm b n tron tươn l .…”

Section: Kết Luậnunclassified

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Linh¹,

Thao²,

Hiếu³

et al. 2017

NST

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Penicillium digitatum is a major pathogen of post-harvest decay on orange fruits. In Vietnam, the control of P. digitatum is usually done mostly with use of chemicals which advertly affect on local environment and human health. Recently, nanomaterials show significant effectiveness in treating pathogenic fungi without harming the environment and human health. Therefore, nanomaterials are regarded as promising agents in plant protection and post-harvest processing. In this study, a fungus labeled as N11 causing green mould disease was isolated from decayed orange fruits of Tuyen Quang province and identified as Penicillium digitatum N11. The fungus was subjected to treatment with silver and copper nanoparticles and nano composites to evaluate the effectiveness of those materials on inhibition of fungal growth. Various concentrations of the nanoparticles were tested for different growth stages of the fungus. For silver and copper nanoparticles, the inhibition of fungal growth up to 50% was observed after 21 days of inoculation at the concentrations of 200-400 ppm and 250 ppm, respectively. At 500 ppm, copper nanoparticles completely inhibited the growth of P. digitatum N11. Nano composite Ag-silica (AgS) showed stronger inhibition of fungal growth than Ag-Bentonite (AgB) nano composite. In the treatment of fungal spores, inhibition of germination up to 90% for three days was observed at the concentrations of 1000 ppm for Cu, over 200 ppm for Ag nanoparticles, over 2000 ppm of AgS nano composite and 4000 ppm of AgB nano composite.

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“…candidum (Brown, ; Johnston & Fogg, ). Postharvest treatments with guazatine, sodium o‐phenyl phenate, iminoctadine, fenpropimorph, flutriafol, thiabendazole, carbendazim, cyproconazole and propiconazole have been reported to be successful in reducing the severity of sour rot (Brown, ; Cohen, ; Cunningham & Taverner, ; Kitagawa & Kawada, ; McKay, Förster, & Adaskaveg, ; Rippon & Morris, ). Of these, sodium o‐phenyl phenate, guazatine and propiconazole are not registered for the control of sour rot in Turkey, although they are available in some countries (Hardman & Hattingh, ; Ladaniya, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of various salts on the growth and development of Geotrichum candidum, the causal agent of carrot sour rot

Türkkan

2019

Journal of Phytopathology

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This study evaluated the efficacy of ammonium, calcium, potassium and sodium salts as possible alternatives to synthetic fungicides in the control of Geotrichum candidum, the causal agent of sour rot on carrots. In vitro mycelial growth of G. candidum was completely halted by ammonium bicarbonate and carbonate; calcium oxide; potassium benzoate, carbonate and sorbate; sodium benzoate, carbonate and fluoride (2% w/v). Potassium and sodium bicarbonate also reduced mycelial growth by 77.78% and 90.60%, respectively, and the difference between the effects of sodium bicarbonate and the first group of salts was not statistically significant (p < 0.05). With the exception of potassium and sodium bicarbonate, the above‐mentioned salts also halted or strongly reduced arthrospore germination. Potassium bicarbonate, and sodium bicarbonate, acetate and propionate significantly increased conidiation (p < 0.05). Of all the salts tested in vitro, only ammonium bicarbonate and carbonate, calcium oxide and sodium fluoride were toxic to G. candidum. In in vivo studies, all the calcium salts tested (acetate, chloride, citrate, formate, lactate, oxide, propionate and silicate), several of the sodium salts (acetate, bicarbonate, chloride and fluoride) and potassium bicarbonate exhibited both protective and curative activity against G. candidum, significantly reducing the severity of sour rot in comparison to pathogen‐inoculated controls (p < 0.05). Although no curative was observed with ammonium bicarbonate, ammonium carbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium chloride, sodium carbonate or sodium citrate, these salts also demonstrated significant protective activity against sour rot when compared to controls (p < 0.05). In sum, the study findings show that all of the selected salts may be used to control carrot sour rot, except for sodium fluoride, which exhibited phytotoxicity to carrots.

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Efficacy of integrated postharvest treatments against mixed innoculations ofpenicillium digitatumandgeotrichum citri‐aurantiiin ‘leng’ navel oranges (citrus sinensis)

Abstract: Green mould (Penicillium digitatum) and sour rot (Geotrichum citri-aurantii) in early season, thin-skinned navel oranges (Citrus sinensis)

Cited by 12 publications

References 12 publications

Effectiveness of Postharvest Treatment with Chitosan to Control Citrus Green Mold

Effectiveness of Postharvest Treatment with Chitosan to Control Citrus Green Mold

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Effect of various salts on the growth and development of Geotrichum candidum, the causal agent of carrot sour rot

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