Efficacy of ionophores in cattle diets for mitigation of enteric methane1

Guan, Huaiqun; Wittenberg, K. M.; Ominski, Kim; Krause, Denis O.

doi:10.2527/jas.2005-652

Cited by 244 publications

(228 citation statements)

References 51 publications

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“…Within the data set there are a few contrasting results that are not large enough to affect the tendency, but that should be noted. Guan et al (2006) observed a significant decrease in protozoal numbers for a highconcentrate diet compared with a low-concentrate diet without any modification in the amount of methane emitted. A large variation in methane emission without any effect on Rumen microbiota and methanogenesis Average response * , ** Indicate significant differences (P , 0.05 and P , 0.01, respectively) as reported in the original reference.…”

Section: Protozoa and Methanogenesismentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Protozoa may also be important for the success of other antimethanogenic strategies. For instance, the temporary mitigation effect of ionophores in a cattle trial has been directly associated with the recovery of protozoal numbers in animals following 4 to 6 weeks of continuous treatment (Guan et al, 2006). A number of mechanisms by which protozoa could enhance methanogenesis are possible in which protozoa produce H 2 , serve as hosts for methanogens and also protect them from oxygen toxicity.…”

Section: Protozoa and Methanogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

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Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Morgavi

Forano²,

Martin

et al. 2010

Animal

537

406

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Ruminant production is under increased public scrutiny in terms of the importance of cattle and other ruminants as major producers of the greenhouse gas methane. Methanogenesis is performed by methanogenic archaea, a specialised group of microbes present in several anaerobic environments including the rumen. In the rumen, methanogens utilise predominantly H 2 and CO 2 as substrates to produce methane, filling an important functional niche in the ecosystem. However, in addition to methanogens, other microbes also have an influence on methane production either because they are involved in hydrogen (H 2 ) metabolism or because they affect the numbers of methanogens or other members of the microbiota. This study explores the relationship between some of these microbes and methanogenesis and highlights some functional groups that could play a role in decreasing methane emissions. Dihydrogen ('H 2 ' from this point on) is the key element that drives methane production in the rumen. Among H 2 producers, protozoa have a prominent position, which is strengthened by their close physical association with methanogens, which favours H 2 transfer from one to the other. A strong positive interaction was found between protozoal numbers and methane emissions, and because this group is possibly not essential for rumen function, protozoa might be a target for methane mitigation. An important function that is associated with production of H 2 is the degradation of fibrous plant material. However, not all members of the rumen fibrolytic community produce H 2 . Increasing the proportion of non-H 2 producing fibrolytic microorganisms might decrease methane production without affecting forage degradability. Alternative pathways that use electron acceptors other than CO 2 to oxidise H 2 also exist in the rumen. Bacteria with this type of metabolism normally occupy a distinct ecological niche and are not dominant members of the microbiota; however, their numbers can increase if the right potential electron acceptor is present in the diet. Nitrate is an alternative electron sinks that can promote the growth of particular bacteria able to compete with methanogens. Because of the toxicity of the intermediate product, nitrite, the use of nitrate has not been fully explored, but in adapted animals, nitrite does not accumulate and nitrate supplementation may be an alternative under some dietary conditions that deserves to be further studied. In conclusion, methanogens in the rumen co-exist with other microbes, which have contrasting activities. A better understanding of these populations and the pathways that compete with methanogenesis may provide novel targets for emissions abatement in ruminant production.

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Section: Protozoa and Methanogenesismentioning

confidence: 83%

Section: Protozoa and Methanogenesismentioning

confidence: 99%

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Morgavi

Forano²,

Martin

et al. 2010

Animal

537

406

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…This has included research on feed additives such as ionophores (e.g. monensin) to reduce methane production (Guan et al, 2006) and improve animal performance from grain diets (Goodrich et al, 1984), although the benefits of this approach for cattle consuming low quality tropical pasture may be negligible (McLennan et al, 1995). Research has also been focussed on altering the rumen ecology in order to improve digestion, although fundamental understanding of rumen processes still limits any significant practical breakthroughs (Klieve, 2009).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Boosting the productivity and profitability of northern Australian beef enterprises: Exploring innovation options using simulation modelling and systems analysis

Ash

Hunt

McDonald

et al. 2015

Agricultural Systems

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The financial health of beef cattle enterprises in northern Australia has declined markedly over the last decade due to an escalation in production and marketing costs and a real decline in beef prices. Historically, gains in animal productivity have offset the effect of declining terms of trade on farm incomes. This raises the question of whether future productivity improvements can remain a key path for lifting enterprise profitability sufficient to ensure that the industry remains economically viable over the longer term. The key objective of this study was to assess the production and financial implications for north Australian beef enterprises of a range of technology interventions (development scenarios), including genetic gain in cattle, nutrient supplementation, and alteration of the feed base through introduced pastures and forage crops, across a variety of natural environments. To achieve this objective a beef systems model was developed that is capable of simulating livestock production at the enterprise level, including reproduction, growth and mortality, based on energy and protein supply from natural C 4 pastures that are subject to high inter-annual climate variability. Comparisons between simulation outputs and enterprise performance data in three case study regions suggested that the simulation model (the Northern Australia Beef Systems Analyser) can adequately represent the performance beef cattle enterprises in northern Australia. Testing of a range of development scenarios suggested that the application of individual technologies can substantially lift productivity and profitability, especially where the entire feedbase was altered through legume augmentation. The simultaneous implementation of multiple technologies that provide benefits to different aspects of animal productivity resulted in the greatest increases in cattle productivity and enterprise profitability, with projected weaning rates increasing by 25%, liveweight gain by 40% and net profit by 150% above current baseline levels, although gains of this magnitude might not necessarily be realised in practice. While there were slight increases in total methane output from these development scenarios, the methane emissions per kg of beef produced were reduced by 20% in scenarios with higher productivity gain. Combinations of technologies or innovative practices applied in a systematic and integrated fashion thus offer scope for providing the productivity and profitability gains necessary to maintain viable beef enterprises in northern Australia into the future.Crown

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“…Monensin reduced the ciliate protozoa in the rumen and the protein supplementation increased the same, nonetheless, without avoiding the reduction caused by monensin (Table 2). Guan et al (2006) also observed a reduction in the ciliate protozoa count when they supplied monensin to the animals. 1 Means with different superscripts in rows signify differences at P <0.05 when separated by orthogonal contrasts.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Monensin and protein supplements on methane production

Neto¹,

Berndt²,

Demarchi³

et al. 2010

SA J. An. Sci.

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This study aimed at evaluating the effect of sodium monensin and protein supplementation in the enteric methane production and the population of ruminal protozoa in bovine fed Brachiaria brizantha Marandu cultivar hay. The treatments were: mineralized salt, mineralized salt with monensin, proteinenriched salt and protein-enriched salt with monensin. The experimental outline was in a 4 x 4 Latin square. The protein supplementation increased the dry matter intake and the total concentrations of rumen ciliate protozoa. Monensin eliminated the rumen fauna and reduced the methane production. Methane production was 19.13; 15.73; 24.35 and 11.52 g/kg of ingested DM when mineralized salt, mineralized salt with monensin, protein-enriched salt and protein-enriched salt with monensin were supplied, respectively. The association between the inputs allows for a reduction in the methane production without a reduction in dry matter intake.

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Efficacy of ionophores in cattle diets for mitigation of enteric methane1

Cited by 244 publications

References 51 publications

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Microbial ecosystem and methanogenesis in ruminants

Boosting the productivity and profitability of northern Australian beef enterprises: Exploring innovation options using simulation modelling and systems analysis

Monensin and protein supplements on methane production

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