Efficacy of lifestyle and psychosocial interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older people: Systematic review

Whitty, Emma; Mansour, Hassan; Aguirre, Elisa; Palomo, Marina; Charlesworth, Georgina; Ramjee, Serena; Poppe, Michaela; Brodaty, Henry; Kales, Helen C.; Morgan‐Trimmer, Sarah; Nyman, Samuel R.; Lang, Iain; Walters, Kate; Petersen, Irene; Wenborn, Jennifer; Minihane, Anne‐Marie; Ritchie, Karen; Huntley, Jonathan; Walker, Zuzana; Cooper, Claudia

doi:10.1016/j.arr.2020.101113

Cited by 59 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 73 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…The MIND pattern attributes beneficial effects to the intake of cheese (<1 serving/week), green leafy vegetables (≥6 servings/week), berries (>1 serving/week), and fast fried food (<1 time/week) [35,83]. In addition, a high adherence to the investigated dietary patterns is generally associated with high levels of physical activity and other diet-related lifestyle factors [63] having beneficial effects on cognitive function [94,95]. These factors were not taken into account in our study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Risk of early-onset dementia (EOD) might be modified by environmental factors and lifestyles, including diet. The aim of this study is to evaluate the association between dietary habits and EOD risk. We recruited 54 newly-diagnosed EOD patients in Modena (Northern Italy) and 54 caregivers as controls. We investigated dietary habits through a food frequency questionnaire, assessing both food intake and adherence to dietary patterns, namely the Greek-Mediterranean, the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and the Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay (MIND) diets. We modeled the relation between dietary factors and risk using the restricted cubic spline regression analysis. Cereal intake showed a U-shaped relation with EOD, with risk increasing above 350 g/day. A high intake (>400 g/day) of dairy products was also associated with excess risk. Although overall fish and seafood consumption showed no association with EOD risk, we found a U-shaped relation with preserved/tinned fish, and an inverse relation with other fish. Similarly, vegetables (especially leafy) showed a strong inverse association above 100 g/day, as did citrus and dry fruits. Overall, sweet consumption was not associated with EOD risk, while dry cake and ice-cream showed a positive relation and chocolate products an inverse one. For beverages, we found no relation with EOD risk apart from a U-shaped relation for coffee consumption. Concerning dietary patterns, EOD risk linearly decreased with the increasing adherence to the MIND pattern. On the other hand, an inverse association for the Greek-Mediterranean and DASH diets emerged only at very high adherence levels. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study that explores the association between dietary factors and EOD risk, and suggests that adherence to the MIND dietary pattern may decrease such risk.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Several authoritative health-related research agencies including the National Institute on Aging in the U.S. Department of Health & Human Services have suggested the unequivocal effect of appropriate PE in improving cognition across populations (including children, adolescents, and older adults). The positive effects of regular, long-term physical activities and exercise interventions on cognition have also been reported in the literature [ 14 , 15 ]. Since only limited therapies are available for cognitive impairment, exercise may serve as a promising non-pharmaceutical treatment [ 16 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Roles of physical exercise in neurodegeneration: reversal of epigenetic clock

Zhu

Liu

et al. 2021

Transl Neurodegener

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The epigenetic clock is defined by the DNA methylation (DNAm) level and has been extensively applied to distinguish biological age from chronological age. Aging-related neurodegeneration is associated with epigenetic alteration, which determines the status of diseases. In recent years, extensive research has shown that physical exercise (PE) can affect the DNAm level, implying a reversal of the epigenetic clock in neurodegeneration. PE also regulates brain plasticity, neuroinflammation, and molecular signaling cascades associated with epigenetics. This review summarizes the effects of PE on neurodegenerative diseases via both general and disease-specific DNAm mechanisms, and discusses epigenetic modifications that alleviate the pathological symptoms of these diseases. This may lead to probing of the underpinnings of neurodegenerative disorders and provide valuable therapeutic references for cognitive and motor dysfunction.

show abstract

“…However, ndings are mixed and often inconclusive, prompting investigation of multi-domain intervention strategies (1,7). Multi-domain interventions have also shown mixed results (18)(19)(20)(21). Despite positive effects of a face-to-face (group and individual) delivered programme addressing diet, physical activity, cognitive training and managing vascular risk (19), such interventions tend to be resource-intensive, prompting calls for scalable, cost-effective approaches (7,18).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Increasing evidence suggests that health-related behaviours (e.g., physical activity and a Mediterraneanstyle diet) and cognitive training are protective of cognitive health (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12). Interventions targeting a single behaviour in individuals with and without existing cognitive impairment show some positive effects on cognitive outcomes (13)(14)(15)(16)(17)(18). However, ndings are mixed and often inconclusive, prompting investigation of multi-domain intervention strategies (1,7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Multi-domain interventions have also shown mixed results (18)(19)(20)(21). Despite positive effects of a face-to-face (group and individual) delivered programme addressing diet, physical activity, cognitive training and managing vascular risk (19), such interventions tend to be resource-intensive, prompting calls for scalable, cost-effective approaches (7,18). Understanding which intervention components are useful and how to improve cost-effectiveness is a key challenge (7).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Planning and optimising a digital intervention to protect older adults’ cognitive health

Essery

Pollet

Smith

et al. 2021

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background By 2050 worldwide dementia prevalence is expected to triple, rising to 152 million. Affordable, scalable interventions are required to support protective behaviours such as physical activity, cognitive training and healthy eating. This paper outlines the development of ‘Active Brains’: a multi-domain digital behaviour change intervention to reduce cognitive decline amongst older adults, and key findings arising from this process. Methods A theory-, evidence- and person-based approach to intervention development was undertaken. Scoping reviews and behavioural analysis contributed to intervention planning. Optimisation involved qualitative interviews with 52 older adults with higher and lower cognitive performance scores. Data were analysed thematically and informed changes.Results The development process synthesised findings from planning and optimisation activities. Scoping reviews and qualitative interviews suggested that the same intervention content should be suitable for individuals with higher and lower cognitive performance. Qualitative findings revealed that maintaining independence and enjoyment motivated engagement in intervention-targeted behaviours, whereas managing ill health was a potential barrier. Social support for engaging in such activities could provide motivation, but was not desirable for all. These findings informed development of highly acceptable intervention content and functionality for target users.Conclusions A digitally-delivered intervention with minimal support appears acceptable and potentially engaging to older adults with higher and lower levels of cognitive performance. As well as informing our own intervention, the insights obtained through our development process may be useful for others working with, and developing interventions for, older adults and/or those with cognitive impairment.

show abstract

Efficacy of lifestyle and psychosocial interventions in reducing cognitive decline in older people: Systematic review

Cited by 59 publications

References 73 publications

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

Dietary Habits and Risk of Early-Onset Dementia in an Italian Case-Control Study

Roles of physical exercise in neurodegeneration: reversal of epigenetic clock

Planning and optimising a digital intervention to protect older adults’ cognitive health

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About