Efficacy of Maduramicin against Ionophore-Tolerant Field Isolates of Coccidia in Broilers

Abstract

Maduramicin ammonium was given at 2.5-8 ppm in the feed to broilers experimentally infected with coccidia recently isolated from broiler farms where ionophores had been used for several years. Infection pressure varied from mild to severe in five trials: mortality in unmedicated controls ranged from 0 to 59%, intestinal lesion scores were high, and weight gain was depressed by the infections. The cultures of Eimeria were partly resistant to ionophores: birds medicated with monensin at 100-121 ppm had only modest reductions in lesion scores and incomplete protection against weight loss or mortality. Control of infections by maduramicin was significant at 4 ppm but best at 5-7 ppm. Maduramicin was more effective than monensin or narasin, but about the same as salinomycin, in reducing lesions and mortality and in protecting performance. Maduramicin was well tolerated within the dose range of 5-7 ppm.

Anticoccidial drug resistance in fowl coccidia: the state of play revisited

“…In contrast, investigations (Ruff et al, 1985;Ryley, 1980;Abbas et al, 2008aAbbas et al, , 2009 indicate that Eimeria isolates resistant to one ionophore are resistant to the others. A high degree of cross resistance has been reported among maduramicin, monensin, salinomycin, narasin, and lasalocid (Raether and Paeffgen, 1989), but a number of reports (McDougald et al, 1987;Bedrnik et al, 1989;Yadav and Gupta, 2001;Abbas et al, 2008a) are available stating that maduramicin was effective in controlling isolates of Eimeria resistant to other ionophores. McDougald (1993) suggested that the knowledge of differences in efficacy of different ionophores might be useful for the proper control of coccidiosis.…”

Immunization against coccidiosis in pheasants with low-dose live sporulated oocysts of Eimeria colchici

“…Attempts to prevent outbreak of coccidiosis in pheasants using anticoccidial drugs have been reported (JurkoviAE c et al, 1982;Norton, 1982Norton, , 1986McQuistion, 1987;Vanparijs et al, 1990). However, the long-term use of anticoccidial drugs may lead to the proliferation of drug-resistant protozoans, as seen in chicken farms (Jeffers, 1977;Duh & Wang, 1986;Saitoh et al, 1986;McDougald et al, 1987;Kawazoe & Fabio, 1994;Williams, 1998). This will result in increased difficulties in preventing future coccidiosis (Chapman, 1982(Chapman, , 1997McDougald & Seibert, 1998).…”