Efficacy of moxidectin against nematodes in naturally infected sheep

Gc, Coles; Giordano-Fenton, DJ; nd, Tritschler Jp

doi:10.1136/vr.135.2.38

Cited by 18 publications

(5 citation statements)

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“…Strongyloides in sheep (Bauer and Conraths, 1994;Coles et al, 1994) and the findings of the present 302 study indicate that a dose rate of 1mg/kg may induce suppression of egg-shedding of these species 303 for a period of 5 months. Furthermore, the long-acting formulation of moxidectin appears to be 304 effective against small lungworms as in contrast to the controls, larvae were not detected in faeces in 305 any MOX-treated ewes until termination of the study.…”

mentioning

confidence: 76%

Strategic control of gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing sheep with a long-acting moxidectin formulation

Balmer

Torgerson

Hertzberg

2015

Small Ruminant Research

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A field study was undertaken on three Swiss sheep farms (A, B, C) to evaluate the efficacy of a long-acting moxidectin formulation (Cydectin® 2% LA) against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Naturally infected ewes (all three farms) and their winter-borne lambs (farms A and B) were allocated to two groups (MOX, CON). At day 0 ewes of the MOX-groups were treated with 1mg moxidectin s.c. CON-and MOX-groups were grazed on separate pastures and were sampled for faeces and blood at 28-day intervals. Based on larval cultures Haemonchus contortus was the dominant GIN-species in ewes throughout the season. Over the entire observation period faecal egg count (FEC) of the MOX-ewes in farms A, B, C was 56, 84 and 87% less than the CON-ewes (p<0.05). FEC of lambs grazing with MOXewes was reduced in farms A and B by 56% and 61%, respectively (p<0.05), compared with the respective CON-groups. None of these lambs received anthelmintic treatment during the experiment. Therefore, the differences were due to an indirect effect mediated by the lower pasture contamination with GIN-larvae. These were reduced by 73, 81 and 74% in farms A-C respectively compared to the CON-groups (p<0.05). In farm B, where lambs remained with their mothers during the entire grazing season, these differences were also reflected by a higher daily weight gain (p<0.05) and reduced pepsinogen levels in lambs of treated ewes. This strategy offers an interesting potential for expanding refugia by propagation of GIN in untreated lambs. This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain. Page 1 of 33A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 1 Highlights 1 A long-acting moxidectin formulation (Cydectin® 2% LA, Zoetis) administered to ewes in three farms 2 reduced the excretion of gastrointestinal nematode (GIN) eggs by 56, 84 and 87% resp. compared 3 with untreated controls (p<0.05) in an Haemonchus contortus dominated environment. 4 GIN egg shedding of untreated lambs grazing with moxidectin-treated ewes was reduced by 56% and 5 61%, resp. (p<0.05) mediated by the lower pasture contamination with GIN-larvae. 6Untreated lambs grazing with moxidectin-treated ewes exhibited a higher daily weight gain 7 compared with lambs from untreated ewes (p<0.05). Abstract 20A field study was undertaken on three Swiss sheep farms (A, B, C) to evaluate the efficacy of a long-21 acting moxidectin formulation (Cydectin® 2% LA) against gastrointestinal nematodes (GIN). Naturally 22 infected ewes (all three farms) and their winter-borne lambs (farms A and B) were allocated to two 23 groups (MOX, CON). At day 0 ewes of the MOX-groups were treated with 1mg moxidectin s.c....

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mentioning

confidence: 76%

Strategic control of gastrointestinal nematodes in grazing sheep with a long-acting moxidectin formulation

Balmer

Torgerson

Hertzberg

2015

Small Ruminant Research

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“…MOX was also effective in treating nematode infection when IVM showed failure. All these findings indicate some differences in the mode of action of these two drugs (Craig et al 1992, Coles et al 1994. Martin (1996) assumed that the two drugs share a common mechanism of action.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

“…The primary mode of action of MOX is similar to IVM affecting glutamate-gated chloride channels (GluCl) and thus causing paralysis and parasite death (Cully et al 1994, Blackhall et al 1998, Forrester et al 2002. Some reports also demonstrate the efficacy of MOX against those nematodes that did not respond to IVM (Craig et al 1992, Coles et al 1994, suggesting some differences in the mode of action of these two compounds.…”

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confidence: 99%

Moxidectin causes adult worm mortality of human lymphatic filarial parasite Brugia malayi in rodent models

Verma¹,

Pathak²,

Shahab³

et al. 2014

FOLIA PARASIT

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Wuchereria bancrofti (Cobbold, 1877) and Brugia malayi (Brug, 1927) are the major nematode parasites responsible for lymphatic filarial disease (LF) in humans. LF affects people living in approximately 73 countries and leaves more than 1.4 billion people at risk and 120 million population already infected (WHO 2013). It is ranked as the second most common cause of permanent and long-term disability causing major impediment to socioeconomic development (WHO 1997). The mainstay antifilarial drugs are limited in number (diethylcarbamazine -DEC, albendazole -ALB and ivermectin -IVM), which are principally microfilaricidal with poor macrofilaricidal (adulticidal) activity.Moxidectin (MOX) is a macrocyclic lactone structurally within the milbemycin family and derived from the actinomycete Streptomyces cyanogriseus Yen, 1956. Treatment of B. malayi-infected animals with MOX has been reported to exhibit microfilaricidal activity and altered embryo morphology; however, adulticidal effects were limited to rodent filariid Acanthocheilonema viteae (Krepkogorskaya, 1933) (see Schares et al. 1994). Tompkins et al. (2010) reported the inhibition of microfilaria release by in vitro treated adult B. malayi with significantly decreased expression of Wolbachia surface protein (wsp). The effects in case of Onchocerca volvulus (Leuckart, 1894) included cuticular/structural damage and reduced motility of microfilariae (Tagboto and Townson 1996, Mancebo et al. 1997) apart from morphological alterations in hypodermal cells of adult males (Strote et al. 1990, Tagboto andTownson 1996). The microfilarial motility was also reduced in case of Onchocerca lienalis (Stiles, 1892), Monanema martini Bain, Bartlett et Petit, 1986 and Litomosoides sigmodontis (Chandler, 1931) with adverse effects on female worm embryogenesis (Tagboto and Townson 1996). MOX is being tried in patients with onchocerciasis to investigate its potency against adult worms. Past studies on MOX revealed its good safety and tolerance between 3 and 36 mg doses in

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“…and Strongyloides spp. ( Bauer and Conraths, 1994; Coles et al, 1994; Stewart et al, 1999; Reinemeyer and Cleale, 2002; Ranjan and DeLay, 2004; Lyons et al, 2006 ).…”

Section: Soil-transmitted Helminthiasis and Strongyloidesmentioning

confidence: 99%