Efficacy of Photobiomodulation and Vitamin D on Odontogenic Activity of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells

Abstract

Introduction: The regeneration of dental pulp tissue using human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs) has attracted increasing attention in recent years. Recent studies have suggested that several factors such as photobiomodulation (PBM) and vitamin D affect the proliferation and differentiation of HDPSCs. Therefore, the present study evaluated the effects of PBM and vitamin D on odontogenic differentiation of HDPSCs for dentin -like tissue formation. Methods: HDPSCs were collected, isolated, and characterized and then divided into six groups: group I, control; group II, vitamin D (10-7 Mol); group III, irradiation at 1 J/cm2 of 810 nm diode laser; group IV, irradiation at 1 J/cm2 and culture with vitamin D; group V, irradiation at 2 J/cm2 , and group VI, irradiation at 2 J/cm2 and culture with vitamin D, cell viability assay was measured through MTT. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) enzyme activity and mRNA levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), bone morphogenic protein-2 (BMP-2), and dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP) were also assessed. Results: PBM at 1 and 2 J/cm2 combined with vitamin D significantly promoted HDPSCs proliferation through MTT assay and odontogenic differentiation through gene expression of VEGF, BMP-2, and DSPP levels (P<0.0001). Conclusion: PBM at 2 J/cm2 combined with vitamin D enhanced the HDPSCs proliferation and odontogenic differentiation and thus could be a novel strategy for dentin regeneration in dentistry.

Effect of Biostimulation on Response of Immature Teeth with Necrotic Pulp and Apical Periodontitis to Regenerative Endodontic Therapy in Immature Dogs Teeth

“…Despite that the laser energy used to study its effect on stem cell proliferation and differentiation in conjugation with pulp regeneration was ranged in the low energy fluencies levels of 1-7 J/cm 2 in which 5 J/cm 2 demonstrated the highest stimulative effect in short term evaluation (44,45) the total energy used for the present study was 27 J/cm 2 . This decision was owing to the fact of light energy attenuation by buccal bone and overlaying mucosa in contrary to previous preclinical studies.…”

Efficacy of Mineral Trioxide Aggregate and Photobiomodulation on Pulp Capping of Dogs’ Teeth

“…Collagen which forms approximately 90% of the dentin organic composition is made by the odontoblasts before being secreted into pre-dentin as a network of collagen fibers which later act as a scaffold for mineral crystals [16]. Fibronectin and tenascin may also play a role in dentin mineralization and in the ability of fibroblast differentiation to form mineralized tissue [15], [17].…”

“…More than 1 study assessed the outcomes of using PBM in conjunction with direct pulp capping [12], [13] and its effect on regeneration potential of dental pulp complex [14]. PBM elevates the secretion of certain proteins that are of high value in the dentin bridge formation cycle in addition to another set of proteins that signal the initiation of dentinogenesis [15], [16], [17].…”

980 nm Photobiomodulation Promotes Osteo/Odontogenic Differentiation of the Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth Via the Cross talk Between BMP/Smad and Wnt/β‐Catenin Signaling Pathways

“…However, PBM in 980 nm wavelength has not been widely investigated compared to the lower wavelengths. A recent study demonstrated that PBM promotes the odontogenic differentiation and mineralization of dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) (20). Given the aforementioned facts, PBM appears to be considered an appropriate candidate for enhancing osteo/odontogenic differentiation and the formation of mineralized tissue.…”