Efficacy of plant extracts in controlling wheat leaf rust disease caused by Puccinia triticina

Abstract

The efficacy of eight plant extracts (garlic, clove, garden quinine, Brazilian pepper, anthi mandhaari, black cumin, white cedar and neem) in controlling leaf rust disease of wheat was investigated in vitro and in vivo. In vitro, all treatments inhibited spore germination by more than 93%. Neem extract recorded 98.99% inhibition of spore germination with no significant difference from the fungicide Sumi-8 (100%). Under greenhouse conditions, seed soaking application in neem extract (at concentration of 2 ml/L) resulted in 36.82% reduction in the number of pustules/leaf compared with the untreated control. Foliar spraying of plant extracts on wheat seedlings decreased the number of pustules/leaf. Foliar spraying of plant extracts four days after inoculation led to the highest resistance response of wheat plants against leaf rust pathogen. Spray application of wheat seedlings with neem, clove and garden quinine extracts, four days after inoculation with leaf rust pathogen completely prevented rust development (100% disease control) and was comparable with the fungicide Sumi-8. Foliar spray application of wheat plants at mature stage with all plant extracts has significantly reduced the leaf rust infection (average coefficient of infection, ACI) compared with the untreated control and neem was the most effective treatment. This was reflected on grain yield components, whereas the 1000-kernel weight and the test weight were improved whether under one-or two-spray applications, with two-spray application being more effective in this regard. Thus, it could be concluded that plant extracts may be useful to control leaf rust disease in Egypt as a safe alternative option to chemical fungicides.

Alternativas de controle de doenças de pós-colheita em citros

“…Algumas moléculas, presentes em defensivos naturais, apresentam uma estrutura química muito complexa, o que torna mais difícil para os patógenos adquirirem qualquer tipo de resistência ao produto, dando uma certa vantagem em relação à alguns princípios ativos de fungicidas. Por outro, a rápida degradação e a baixa quantidade de informações quanto ao manuseio, aos efeitos secundários e a variabilidade de efeitos podem limitar o seu uso (Cunico et al 2003;Shabana et al, 2017).…”

Potential of some plant extracts in controlling wheat leaf rust caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks.

“…All inoculated dishes were incubated at 20º and microscopically examined to observe urediniospore germination 24 h after treatment. The percent of spore germination was calculated by the following formula: Inhibition percent of spore germination was calculated using the following formula (Shabana et al 2017):…”

EFEITO DA TEMPERATURA E EXTRATOS DE PLANTAS NO CONTROLE DA ANTRACNOSE DO FRUTO DA BANANEIRA (Musa sp.) CAUSADA POR Colletotrichum musae

“…No entanto, perdas na eficiência de fungicidas devido ao surgimento de patógenos resistentes têm promovido a busca por estratégias alternativas voltadas a maximizar a eficiência no controle de agentes fúngicos que causam doenças pós-colheita e riscos à segurança alimentar (WANG et al, 2018). A ação fungistática promovida por produtos vegetais é uma estratégia sustentável para o controle de doenças póscolheita (HAN et al, 2018;SHUPING;ELOFF, 2017;SHABANA et al, 2017). Trabalhos in vitro, mostraram o potencial de produtos vegetais frente a diversos patossistemas, devido sua capacidade fungitóxica direta, inibindo o crescimento micelial e a germinação de esporos de fungos (SCHWAN-ESTRADA et al, 2000;KOBAYASHI;AMARAL, 2018).…”