Efficacy of protocols for induction of chronic hyperthyroidism in male and female mice

Engels, Kathrin; Rakov, Helena; Zwanziger, Denise; Hönes, Georg Sebastian; Rehders, Maren; Brix, Klaudia; Köhrle, Josef; Möller, Lars; Führer, Dagmar

doi:10.1007/s12020-016-1020-8

Cited by 22 publications

(23 citation statements)

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“…2 ). This has already been observed by us in an earlier study using young mice [ 16 ] and by others using T3 [ 35 ], but was not expected to appear in older mice. Different mechanisms may be considered to contribute to this observation.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

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Sex-specific phenotypes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in aged mice

et al. 2017

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BackgroundSex and age play a role in the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction (TD), but their interrelationship for manifestation of hyper- and hypothyroidism is still not well understood. Using a murine model, we asked whether sex impacts the phenotypes of hyper- and hypothyroidism at two life stages.MethodsHyper- and hypothyroidism were induced by i.p. T4 or MMI/ClO4-/LoI treatment over 7 weeks in 12- and 20-months-old female and male C57BL/6N mice. Control animals underwent PBS treatment (n = 7–11 animals/sex/treatment). Animals were investigated for impact of sex on body weight, food and water intake, body temperature, heart rate, behaviour (locomotor activity, motor coordination and strength) and serum thyroid hormone (TH) status.ResultsDistinct sex impact was found in eu- and hyperthyroid mice, while phenotypic traits of hypothyroidism were similar in male and female mice. No sex difference was found in TH status of euthyroid mice; however, T4 treatment resulted in twofold higher TT4, FT4 and FT3 serum concentrations in adult and old females compared to male animals. Hyperthyroid females consistently showed higher locomotor activity and better coordination but more impairment of muscle function by TH excess at adult age. Importantly and in contrast to male mice, adult and old hyperthyroid female mice showed increased body weight. Higher body temperature in female mice was confirmed in all age groups. No sex impact was found on heart rate irrespective of TH status in adult and old mice.ConclusionsBy comparison of male and female mice with TD at two life stages, we found that sex modulates TH action in an organ- and function-specific manner. Sex differences were more pronounced under hyperthyroid conditions. Importantly, sex-specific differences in features of TD in adult and old mice were not conclusively explained by serum TH status in mice.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1186/s13293-017-0159-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Chronic hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism were induced as previously described [ 13 – 16 ]. Briefly, for hyperthyroidism, i.p.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sex-specific phenotypes of hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism in aged mice

et al. 2017

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“…Patients with hyperthyroidism usually notice a loss in their body weights, which is not consistent with observations in animal models of hyperthyroidism. Previous studies have observed a reduction [18], an increase [19, 20] or no change in body weight in hyperthyroid animals [21].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The role of fish oil in attenuating cardiac oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in rat model of thyrotoxicosis

Mayyas

Alsaheb

Alzoubi

2019

Heliyon

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Hyperthyroidism is associated with cardiovascular complications. Fish oil reduces risk of cardiovascular diseases. This study aims to evaluate the impact of fish oil on myocardial oxidative stress, inflammation and fibrosis in rat model of thyrotoxicosis. Rats were randomized into four groups; control rats, fish oil treated rats (FO, 100mg omega-3/100g body weight/day), hyperthyroid rats (Hyper, i.p levothyroxine 3 mg/kg/day), and hyperthyroid rats treated with fish oil (Hyper + FO) for 8 weeks. Changes in oxidants/antioxidants, inflammatory and fibrotic markers were measured. Thyrotoxicosis increased serum endothelin-1, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and reduced activities of cardiac catalase and super oxide dismutase (SOD). Cardiac fibrosis paralleled with a decrease of matrix metalloproteinase -2 (MMP2) levels were observed in Hyper group. Use of FO increased activities of SOD and catalase, increased TBARS levels, and attenuated cardiac fibrosis by normalizing MMP-2 levels. Use of FO may attenuate cardiac oxidative stress and fibrosis in hyperthyroid states.

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“…Total RNA from pituitaries, thyroid gland, liver and heart was isolated using the RNeasy Kit according to the manufacturer's instruction (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany) and stored at −80°C as previously described (11). RNA was reverse transcribed into cDNA with SuperScriptIII (Life Technologies, Darmstadt, Germany) and hexamer primers.…”

Section: Quantitative Real-time Pcrmentioning

confidence: 99%