Efficacy of S-PRG filler containing varnishes on enamel demineralization prevention

Abstract

This study evaluated the efficacy of S-PRG vanishes on preventing enamel demineralization. Bovine enamel specimens were obtained, polished and the baseline Knoop microhardness was evaluated. Specimens were stratified into six groups (n = 15), according to the varnish applied: S10—experimental varnish containing 10% of S-PRG fillers, S20—20% of S-PRG fillers, S30—30% of S-PRG fillers; S40—40% of S-PRG fillers; PC (positive control)—5% of NaF; NC (negative control)—no treatment was performed. Half of enamel surfaces were protected to work as a control and varnishes were applied over the unprotected area. A demineralizing pH-cycling was performed, and surface and cross-sectional microhardness were measured. The percentage of microhardness of the treated area was calculated comparing with the untreated area. Statistical analysis was performed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test (p = 5%). All experimental S-PRG varnishes protected against demineralization in relation to no treatment, but S40 was the most effective on the surface. For all depths, S30 and S40 were superior in enamel demineralization prevention than other S-PRG filler concentrations and 5% NaF. It was concluded that S-RPG filler containing varnishes were effective to prevent enamel demineralization. The higher concentrated products were more effective than 5% sodium fluoride on surface demineralization prevention.

Aesthetic-chemical properties and clinical indications of giomers: literature review

“…Giomeres have been described as an "smart material", which emerged with the aim of combining the aesthetics and strength of composite resin with Civ`s ability of releasing fluoride (Rusnac et al, 2019). They feature glass ionomer technology with S-PRG pre-activated surface (Spinola et al, 2020). When in contact with polyacrylic acid, the fluoroaminosilicate particles react and are incorporated into the resin, resulting in a continuous release of fluorine.…”

“…This happens as soon as there is interaction with the saliva from the oral environment (Burtea et al, 2019;Francois et al, 2020;Harhash, ElSayad & Zaghloul 2020). In addition to fluoride release, the S-PRG load releases other substances with a cumulative effect against caries formation (Miki et al, 2016;Okamoto et al, 2019;Spinola et al, 2020), such as borate and fluoride which, together with silicate and aluminum, have antimicrobial/bacteriostatic action against S. mutans (Miki et al, 2016).…”

“…There are studies, such as the one by Okamoto et al (2019), that also demonstrates an important role of strontium in bone augmentation. These elements would act in, preventing demineralization and favoring remineralization (Miki et al, 2016;Okamoto et al, 2019;Spinola et al, 2020). In addition to hindering bacterial adhesion to the tooth (Shimizubata, Inokoshi, Wada, Takahashi & Minakuchi, 2020), the ions would act as a buffer, neutralizing the acids produced by these microorganisms (Spinola et al, 2020).…”

Molar incisor hypomineralization: A review and prevalence in Japan

“…Material containing S-PRG is now available with a sealant (Beautisealant, Shofu Inc., Kyoto, Japan). Many studies have used S-PRG materials to prevent demineralization and promote remineralization of enamel [ [34] , [35] , [36] ]. A further study of MIH-affected teeth with S-PRG materials is expected in the near future.…”

Efficacy of fluoride varnishes with different compositions on white spot lesions remineralization

“…The amount of fluoride released over time as well as the kinetics of fluoride release is proved to be related to the different compositions, physical properties, and the presence of different active ingredients besides fluoride [5]. Lately, many sodium fluoride-based products have been supplemented with promising remineralizing substances, such as calcium fluoride, tri-calcium-phosphate (TCP), fluorsilane, xylitol and bioactive particles as an attempt to intensify its efficacy [6][7][8][9][10][11]. Nevertheless, evidence of this supposed improvement caused by addition of these ingredients are still poor and not well established in literature.…”