Efficacy of Selected Medicinal Plants from Eastern Kenya against Aspergillus flavus

Kiswii, Theddeus M.; Monda, E. O.; Okemo, P. O.; Bii, Christine; Alakonya, Amos

doi:10.11648/j.jps.20140205.22

Cited by 10 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…Cough [65], bronchitis [66], allergy, diabetes, malaria [30,66], clotting agent, coughs and joint stiffness [67] Ethyl acetate extracts had irreversible anti-fertility effect [68], the aqueous root bark extract showed antibacterial properties [30], the presence of saponins, flavonoids, triterpenoids, terpenoids and steroids was also reported [68] Ipomoea kituiensis Var Constipation (Stem), digestive disorders [67] Leaf extracts prepared by using a 1:1 v/v ratio of methanol to DCM showed acaricidal activity [69] Euclea divinorum Hiern.…”

Section: Graymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stomachache [70], bleeding [71], diarrhea, typhoid, stroke [17], toothache [67] Aqueous and ethanolic root bark extracts showed contractile activity on isolated rabbit uterine strips [ [82], the crude 1:1 v/v dichloromethane/methanol extract showed antifungal activity against Aspergillus niger [83], and alkaloids, saponins, and cardenolides were found to be present [82] Clerodendrum myricoides (Hochst.) Malaria [84], febrile convulsions, Root extracts showed Clerodendrum myricoides (Hochst.)…”

Section: Graymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Malaria [99,109], constipation, jaundice [65], aphrodisiac, general wellbeing [14], sexually transmitted Infections [67] The acetone stem bark extract showed antibacterial activity against Proteus mirabilis [64], the aqueous pulp extract showed antibacterial activity against S. aureus, E. coli and P. aureginosa [110], tannins, phlobatamins, alkaloids, saponins, and sesquiterpenes were found present [64] Tylosema fassoglense (Kotschy ex Schweinf.) Torre & Hillc.…”

Section: Graymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal Plants Used In Managing Diseases Of The Respiratory System Among The Luo Community: An Appraisal Of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

Mailu

Nguta

Mbaria

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Respiratory diseases cause many deaths in children under 5 years of age particularly in Africa. The efficacy of current treatment differs among respiratory diseases and adverse effects may depend on dosage, duration of treatment, and the type of drug. Poor access to healthcare in rural areas makes many people in such communities to rely on traditional medicine. Most knowledge on traditional medicine makes use of indigenous remedies which are often undocumented and are at risk of being lost. Ethnobotanical data on medicinal plants used in managing diseases of the respiratory system may facilitate the search for new pharmaceutical agents. Methods Semi-structured questionnaires were used to collect information from 30 traditional medicine practitioners in Kisumu East Sub County. The sociodemographic characteristics of the informants, the local names of the plants used, their habit, active parts, indications, and methods of preparation, as well as routes of administration, scientific identity, and conservation status were recorded. A literature search was conducted via PubMed, Google Scholar, and Research Gate to identify other reported activities of the plants. Results Most practitioners were female (86.7%), were aged between 61 and 70 years (43.3%), had no formal education (56.7%), and had 21-30 years of practice (30%). A total of 45 plant species, belonging to 43 genera and 28 families were identified. Leguminosae and Rutaceae were the most dominant plant families, leaves were the most frequently used (33%), and trees were the most common habit (44.4%). Cough was the most common indication, decoction was the most common method of administration (68.8%), most preparations were taken orally, and most plants were collected in the wild (79.2%). Literature search established that at least 42/45 plant species had pharmacological activities. Conclusions Many plant species reported in this study have similar traditional uses in other communities. One plant; Keetia gueinzii (Sond.) Bridson was reported for the first time in the management of asthma, pneumonia, and cough. Documentation and preservation of ethno medicinal knowledge in the study area is of prime concern as most practitioners are advanced in age with little formal education. Plans to conserve some of the medicinal plants documented here should be initiated. Scientific validation of the traditional claims made is also needed.

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Section: Graymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Graymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medicinal Plants Used In Managing Diseases Of The Respiratory System Among The Luo Community: An Appraisal Of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

Mailu

Nguta

Mbaria

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…Plant extracts from the stock solution of 800 mg/ml were used for the phytochemical screening [4, 25]. …”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)

Njoki

Okoth

Wachira

2017

International Journal of Microbiology

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This study was undertaken with an aim of exploring the effectiveness of medicinal plant extracts in the control of aflatoxin production. Antifungal properties, photosensitization, and phytochemical composition of aqueous and organic extracts of fruits from Solanum aculeastrum, bark from Syzygium cordatum, and leaves from Prunus africana, Ocimum lamiifolium, Lippia kituiensis, and Spinacia oleracea were tested. Spores from four-day-old cultures of previously identified toxigenic fungi, UONV017 and UONV003, were used. Disc diffusion and broth dilution methods were used to test the antifungal activity. The spores were suspended in 2 ml of each extract separately and treated with visible light (420 nm) for varying periods. Organic extracts displayed species and concentration dependent antifungal activity. Solanum aculeastrum had the highest zones of inhibition diameters in both strains: UONV017 (mean = 18.50 ± 0.71 mm) and UONV003 (mean = 11.92 ± 0.94 mm) at 600 mg/ml. Aqueous extracts had no antifungal activity because all diameters were below 8 mm. Solanum aculeastrum had the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration at 25 mg/ml against A. flavus UONV017. All the plant extracts in combination with light reduced the viability of fungal conidia compared with the controls without light, without extracts, and without both extracts and light. Six bioactive compounds were analyzed in the plant extracts. Medicinal plant extracts in this study can control conidia viability and hence with further development can control toxigenic fungal spread.

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“…Aflatoxins may occur in crops in the field during growth or drying and also in storage if kept in sub-optimal conditions. Aspergillus parasiticus is mostly associated with contamination of groundnuts while A. flavus is the common contaminant of maize [2,3]. Aspergillus flavus produces aflatoxin B1 and B2 while A. parasiticus produces aflatoxin B1, B2, G1 and G2.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of agricultural aflatoxin management strategies and emerging innovations in sub-Saharan Africa

Monda¹,

Alakonya²

2016

AJFAND

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Aflatoxins are highly carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus flavus, A. parasiticus and A. nomius. Aflatoxin contamination of food and animal feeds is, therefore, a major food security, food safety, trade, human and domestic animal health concern. Researchers worldwide have suggested various agriculture-based strategies to manage aflatoxigenic Aspergillus species and reduce contamination to safe levels. This paper reviews various agricultural strategies that could be employed to reduce contamination of aflatoxins in food crops and animal feeds, as well as the challenges faced by these reduction strategies. Among these strategies are innovations like Aflasafe TM and solar grain driers. It is hoped that this critique will stimulate refinement of the existing aflatoxin control approaches and innovations to maximize their efficacy.

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Efficacy of Selected Medicinal Plants from Eastern Kenya against Aspergillus flavus

Cited by 10 publications

References 35 publications

Medicinal Plants Used In Managing Diseases Of The Respiratory System Among The Luo Community: An Appraisal Of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

Medicinal Plants Used In Managing Diseases Of The Respiratory System Among The Luo Community: An Appraisal Of Kisumu East Sub-County, Kenya

Effects of Medicinal Plant Extracts and Photosensitization on Aflatoxin Producing Aspergillus flavus (Raper and Fennell)

A review of agricultural aflatoxin management strategies and emerging innovations in sub-Saharan Africa

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