Efficacy of the World Health Organization–recommended handwashing technique and a modified washing technique to remove Clostridium difficile from hands

Deschênes, Philippe; Chano, Frédéric; Dionne, Léa-Laurence; Pittet, Didier; Longtin, Yves

doi:10.1016/j.ajic.2017.04.001

Cited by 8 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Pode ser que a absorção na forma líquida tenha sido maior do que em gel, uma vez que os estudantes tinham que repetir o passo-a-passo da técnica até a sua completa absorção para evitar gotejamento. Essa premissa corrobora os achados de Deschênes et al [28] que observaram que lavar as mãos de acordo com a técnica e tempo preconizado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde é melhor do que não lavar as mãos adequadamente e que realizar a técnica correta repetindo duas vezes no mesmo tempo prederminado é mais eficaz.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Higienização simples e o uso do álcool 70% no controle de microrganismos das mãos em universitários da área da saúde

Shimoya-Bittencourt

Santos

et al. 2019

Fisioter Bras

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Objetivo: Verificar a eficácia da lavagem das mãos no controle de disseminação de microrganismos. Método: Delineamento experimental realizado em universitários da área da saúde, utilizando como antissépticos água e sabão e álcool 70% (gel e liquida). Os procedimentos de lavagem simples das mãos e uso de álcool 70% foram distribuídos em cinco grupos: Grupo sem lavagem das mãos (MS); Grupo lavagem simples das mãos com água e sabão (LS); Grupo lavagem das mãos com água e sabão e uso de álcool 70% (liquido) (LSA70), Grupo lavagem das mãos com água e sabão e uso de álcool 70% (gel) (LSAG) e Grupo apenas com uso de álcool gel (MAG). Resultados: Participaram do estudo 125 universitários. Foi observada significância estatística quando comparado os seguintes grupos: MS versus MAG (p<0,001), MS versus LSA70 (p<0,001), LS versus MAG (p<0,05), MS versus LSAG (p<0,001), LSAG versus MAG (p<0,001) e LSAG versus LSA70 (p<0,05). Conclusão: O álcool 70% foi eficaz na redução de crescimento de microrganismos em relação à lavagem simples das mãos. O álcool em forma de gel demonstrou ter melhor resultado quando aplicado sem a lavagem previa das mãos enquanto que o álcool na forma liquida foi mais eficaz após a lavagem das mãos.

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Section: Discussionunclassified

Higienização simples e o uso do álcool 70% no controle de microrganismos das mãos em universitários da área da saúde

Shimoya-Bittencourt

Santos

et al. 2019

Fisioter Bras

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“…99 Using a nontoxigenic strain of C. difficile to test reductions associated with handwashing technique a 1.3 log 10 reduction was attained with an unstructured handwash and a 1.7 log 10 reduction was attained using a structured handwash (ie, the WHO How to Handrub). 100 When exposure to potential spore-forming organisms or small nonenveloped viruses is anticipated (ie, patients diagnosed with C. difficile infection or norovirus or those with new acute diarrhea or vomiting), the CDC recommends standard and contact precautions for all contacts with the patient and their surroundings. HCP need clear messaging about hand hygiene in response to these organisms.…”

Section: Effective Techniquementioning

confidence: 99%

SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene: 2022 Update

Glowicz

Landon

Sickbert-Bennett

et al. 2023

Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol.

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The purpose of this document is to highlight practical recommendations to assist acute-care hospitals in prioritization and implementation of strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene. This document updates the Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals through Hand Hygiene, published in 2014. This expert guidance document is sponsored by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology (SHEA). It is the product of a collaborative effort led by SHEA, the Infectious Diseases Society of America, the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, the American Hospital Association, and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise.

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“…In fact, nosocomial infection often follows skin colonization by antibiotic multiresistant pathogenic bacteria. Hand washing by healthcare workers is still the best strategy for preventing the transmission of nosocomial pathogens, as has been demonstrated for Clostridioides difficile whose spores are resistant to the action of alcohol gels and standard disinfectants ( 6 ) and should be eliminated by shedding through standardized structured washing techniques ( 7 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidermis as a Platform for Bacterial Transmission

et al. 2021

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The epidermis constitutes a continuous external layer covering the body, offering protection against bacteria, the most abundant living organisms that come into contact with this barrier. The epidermis is heavily colonized by commensal bacterial organisms that help protect against pathogenic bacteria. The highly regulated and dynamic interaction between the epidermis and commensals involves the host’s production of nutritional factors promoting bacterial growth together to chemical and immunological bacterial inhibitors. Signal trafficking ensures the system’s homeostasis; conditions that favor colonization by pathogens frequently foster commensal growth, thereby increasing the bacterial population size and inducing the skin’s antibacterial response, eliminating the pathogens and re-establishing the normal density of commensals. The microecological conditions of the epidermis favors Gram-positive organisms and are unsuitable for long-term Gram-negative colonization. However, the epidermis acts as the most important host-to-host transmission platform for bacteria, including those that colonize human mucous membranes. Bacteria are frequently shared by relatives, partners, and coworkers. The epidermal bacterial transmission platform of healthcare workers and visitors can contaminate hospitalized patients, eventually contributing to cross-infections. Epidermal transmission occurs mostly via the hands and particularly through fingers. The three-dimensional physical structure of the epidermis, particularly the fingertips, which have frictional ridges, multiplies the possibilities for bacterial adhesion and release. Research into the biology of bacterial transmission via the hands is still in its infancy; however, tribology, the science of interacting surfaces in relative motion, including friction, wear and lubrication, will certainly be an important part of it. Experiments on finger-to-finger transmission of microorganisms have shown significant interindividual differences in the ability to transmit microorganisms, presumably due to genetics, age, sex, and the gland density, which determines the physical, chemical, adhesive, nutritional, and immunological status of the epidermal surface. These studies are needed to optimize interventions and strategies for preventing the hand transmission of microorganisms.

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Efficacy of the World Health Organization–recommended handwashing technique and a modified washing technique to remove Clostridium difficile from hands

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Higienização simples e o uso do álcool 70% no controle de microrganismos das mãos em universitários da área da saúde

Higienização simples e o uso do álcool 70% no controle de microrganismos das mãos em universitários da área da saúde

SHEA/IDSA/APIC Practice Recommendation: Strategies to prevent healthcare-associated infections through hand hygiene: 2022 Update

Epidermis as a Platform for Bacterial Transmission

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