Efficacy of Two Formulations of Bacillus thuringiensis on Populations of Spruce Budworm (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) on Balsam Fir in Wisconsin1

Reardon, Richard C.; Johnson, D. R.; Narog, Marcia G.; Banash, S. E.; Hubbard, Harry B.

doi:10.1093/jee/75.3.509

Cited by 7 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…kurstaki formulations, Thuricide 16B and Dipel 4L, for spruce budworm in northern Wisconsin. Small fixedwing aircraft equipped with 8004 Flat Fan Tee-jet nozzles were used to deliver a dosage of 20 billion international units (B1U)lha at a rate of 9.35 Llha in a single application (Reardon et al 1982). In 1981, densities of spruce budworm larvae, levels of defoliation, and total field persistence of B. thuringiensis were monitored in 12 of the 15 plots established in 1980 (Reardon and Haissig 1983).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFICACY AND FIELD PERSISTENCE OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AFTER GROUND APPLICATION TO BALSAM FIR AND WHITE SPRUCE IN WISCONSIN

Reardon

Haissig

1984

Can Entomol

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Bacillus thuringiensis was applied at three dosages (1.0 BIU/tree, 0.1 BIU/tree, and.01 BIU/tree) to balsam fir, Abies balsamea (L.) Mill., and white spruce, Picea glauca (Moench) Voss, with mist blowers. Crystalline proteins were detected on balsam fir foliage for a maximum of 16 days (d) after B. thuringiensis was applied at 1.0 BIU/tree. Higher levels of crystalline proteins were detected on white spruce foliage treated with Thuricide 16B than on that treated with Dipel 4L. On balsam fir, the situation was the opposite. Mist-blower-treated foliage collected for up to 16 d posttreatment caused mortality of spruce budworm, Choristoneura fumiferana (Clemens), larvae. Viable endospores of B. thuringiensis were recovered on white spruce foliage collected 1 year after treatment.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

EFFICACY AND FIELD PERSISTENCE OF BACILLUS THURINGIENSIS AFTER GROUND APPLICATION TO BALSAM FIR AND WHITE SPRUCE IN WISCONSIN

Reardon

Haissig

1984

Can Entomol

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“…Several studies were reported on the successful use of a single application of Bt compared to two applications previously recomnended for use against the gypsy moth and spruce budworm (Morris et al, 1982, Reardon et al, 1982. Against the gypsy moth in particular, studies by different investigators (Table 1) have confirmed that one application at 30 BIUhectare (12 BIU/acre) compared favorably to two applications at 20 BIU/hectare (8 BIU/acre).…”

Section: A T E R I a L S And Methodsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Proceedings, Symposium: Microbial control of spruce budworms and gypsy moths

Grimble¹,

Lewis²

1985

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The Canada-United States Spruce Budworms R&D Program (CANUSA) was created in 1977, when the United States Department of Agriculture and the Canadian Department of Environment agreed to cooperate in an expanded and accelerated research and development effort. CANUSA was aimed specifically at the spruce budworm in the east and western spruce budworm in the west. The broad objective was to design and evaluate tactics and strategies for not only controlling budworms but also managing budworm infested forests, thus helping forest managers attain their objectives in an economically and environmentally acceptable manner.

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