“…In response to the main causes of collusion, the literature has proposed a variety of collusion prevention mechanisms, among which are supervisor monitoring (Tirole, 1992), yardstick competition (Tangerås, 2002), incentivizing auctioneers to avoid bid-rigging (Lengwiler & Wolfstetter, 2010), novel auction mechanisms (Padhi & Mohapatra, 2010;Rosen & Madlener, 2013), controlled release of information (Bodoh-Creed, 2013;Che & Kim, 2009;De Silva et al, 2009;Grover et al, 2006), adoption of online tendering and procurement auctions (Costa & Tavares, 2013), splitting of work content (Al-Arjani, 2002;Anton, Brusco, & Lopomo, 2010;Gong, Li, & McAfee, 2012), preference for global bidders (Bajari & Summers, 2002), introducing a participation fee and reserve price (Chowdhury, 2008;Kirkegaard, 2005;Rego, 2013;Saini, 2010), pre-auction screening of phantom bidders to prevent very high and very low bids (Ballesteros-Pérez et al, 2013), and post auction negotiation to control cost overruns (Bucciol et al, 2013).…”