Efficiency gain of solid oxide fuel cell systems by using anode offgas recycle – Results for a small scale propane driven unit

Feed-forward control of a solid oxide fuel cell system with anode offgas recycle

“…Dietrich et al examine in Ref. [12] a SOFC with AOR: there the cathode air is used to regulate the stack temperature. The presented FCS works with an injector nozzle instead of recirculation blower, which hinders to set up the F ratio through the recycle rate.…”

“…In previous mentioned works the F ratio can be controlled. However the control is linked to further calculations [11] or additional hardware [12]. The presented control strategy for the F ratio in this work is a feed-forward calculation and no extra hardware is necessary.…”

System design and process layout for a SOFC micro-CHP unit with reduced operating temperatures

“…Furthermore, anode off-gas and cathode off-gas recirculation are discussed in several research papers in the course of improving system efficiency [23,24]. Design options for the LOTUS prototype are limited, as the operating temperature is set to a lower level and the system specification applies for the prototype.…”

“…Hence, start-up and shut-down procedures are crucial operations that have to be addressed within the system development process. According to findings in the literature, implementation of a controlled stack internal reforming is beneficial for the system performance and preferred for the LOTUS system concept [23,24].…”

The liquid biodiesel extracted from pranajiwa (Sterculia Foetida) seeds as fuel for direct biofuel-solid oxide fuel cell

“…Integration of catalytic hydrocarbon reformer with the SOFC systems is now studied intensively. Steam reforming, partial oxidation, dry reforming, and autothermal reforming are many catalytic reformation techniques [4][5][6]. The new method introduced is known as direct internal reforming (DIR) in which a hydrogen-containing fuel is reformed in the anode compartment of a fuel cell and part of hydrogen produced from the steam reforming process is electrochemicallu used to produce H 2 O, electricity, and heat [7].…”