Efficiency of castor oil–based polyurethane foams for oil sorption S10 and S500: Influence of porous size and statistical analysis

Abstract

This study evaluates the efficiency of castor oil–based polyurethane foams for oil sorption S10 and S500, focusing on the influence of the pores’ size. Different foams were produced by varying the polyol: isocyanate ratio (1:0.3; 1:0.5; 1:1.0; 1:1.5; and 1:2.0). The physicochemical properties, morphology, density, and Hg porosity were determined. The sorption capacity was influenced by exposure time, oil viscosity, and concentration of the reagents, considering variations in the hydrophobicity, void content, and morphology. The results showed that the foam produced at an in the same mass proportion (PUC) has a higher sorption capacity in exposure time from 25 to 40 h due to higher void content and larger pore diameter size. It was observed that the lower viscosity of S10 diesel contributes to the higher sorption efficiency compared to S500 one. The Taguchi method corroborated the mentioned results, indicating a higher sorption trend by varying the reagent concentration and exposure times.

Dielectric, electric, and piezoelectric properties of three‐phase piezoelectric composite based on castor‐oil polyurethane, lead zirconate titanate particles and multiwall carbon nanotubes

“…Castor oil is attractive to obtain PUR because it has a high number of hydroxyl groups (OH) that react with isocyanate (NCO) to form urethane bonds 15 . These hydroxyl groups are derived from ricinoleic acid, which constitutes approximately 80% of the oil.…”

“…These hydroxyl groups are derived from ricinoleic acid, which constitutes approximately 80% of the oil. The hydrophobic nature of the triglycerides in castor oil contributes to its excellent mechanical properties, such as the high tensile strength 15–17 . Castor oil‐based polyurethanes are characterized by hard regions (where polymeric chains are oriented) and soft regions (where the chains are random) 15 .…”

“…The concentration of polyol (produced by castor oil) can affect the formation of these regions, as well as the viscosity of the polymer solution and mechanical properties (stiffness and rigidity). When the polyol content is lower than the prepolymer content (isocyanate), there will be fewer soft regions and the polyol/prepolymer solution will be more viscous, which will make the polymer film stiffer and less flexible after polymerization 15–17 . Therefore, piezoelectric properties of triphasic composites can be directly influenced by the polyol/prepolymer ratio.…”

Biobased Castor Oil-Based Polyurethane Foams Grafted with Octadecylsilane-Modified Diatomite for Use as Eco-Friendly and Low-Cost Sorbents for Crude Oil Clean-Up Applications

“…Various vegetable oils, such as palm oil [ 44 ], sunflower oil [ 45 ], rapeseed oil [ 46 ], castor oil [ 47 ] and canola oils [ 48 ] can be used to synthesize PU foams. The triglycerides of castor oil, rich in oleic acid (90%) with a combination of hydroxyl and unsaturated multi-functionality in the fatty acid chains, can react with isocyanates to form urethane linkages, i.e., interpenetrating polymer networks in PU foams [ 49 , 50 , 51 ]. The use of castor oil for oil adsorption application has been reported by modifying the surface with liquefied lignin-based PU foams.…”

“…The use of castor oil for oil adsorption application has been reported by modifying the surface with liquefied lignin-based PU foams. A study by Alves [ 50 ] et al reported a method for preparing castor oil-based PU foams with different polyol: isocyanate concentrations for diesel oil sorption. The use of açaí seeds [ 52 ] as an ecosorbent filler in castor oil-based PU and its applications in oil/water separators in grease traps in households and restaurants was demonstrated.…”