Efficiency of the breeding use of the genus Prunus L. biodiversity

Abstract

Preservation and search of the source material of the Prunus L. gene pool for breeding, especially in contrasting weather conditions, it becomes particularly relevant. Breeding collection of representatives of the genus Prunus L. NCFSCHVW: sweet cherry (Prunus avium L.), common cherry (Prunus сerаsus L.), plum (Prunus domestica L.), has more than 500 samples and is the basis for improving the genotypes of stone fruit plants. The purpose of the research is to evaluate the breeding potential of stone crops and to identify unique variety forms for new varieties creation. The paper presents donors and sources of important traits: early fruitfulness, winter hardiness, drought resistance, resistance to Coccomyces hiemalis Higg., Monilia cinerea, large fruitfulness and productivity, and substantiates their importance in ensuring the further breeding process and updating the gene pool of stone crops. The best varieties, primarily of domestic breeding, with specific characteristics for integration into new breeding programs are selected: sweet cherry – Madonna, Kavkazskaya Uluchshennaya, Volshebnitsa, Cherniye Glaza, Alaya and Mak; cherry – Krasnodarskaya Sladkaya, Kazachka, Kirina Kubanochka, Alexa; plum – Prikubanskaya, Krasnodarskaya, Milena, Podruga, Charodeyka, Krasotka, Gertsog.

Unlocking Plum Genetic Potential: Where Are We At?

“…Encouraging results in Romania as a result of using selected parentages with very well-known characteristics and pedigrees have been obtained for fruit size, ripening time, productivity, and tolerance to PPV with respect to the utilized parents [96]. Priority source genotypes for breeding purposes have been identified within the Russian plum collection maintained at the North Caucasus Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking (Krasnodar, Russia) and reported by Zaremuk et al [132].…”