Efficiency of Two-Phase Anaerobic Fermentation and the Physicochemical Properties of the Organic Fraction of Municipal Solid Waste Processed in a Vortex-Layer Apparatus

Influence of confectionery wastewater pretreatment in vortex layer apparatus on its physical and chemical properties

“…So, reducing the concentration of butyric and propionic acid in the dark fermentation reactor effluent can increase methane production during anaerobic digestion at the second stage of methanogenesis [19]. Consequently, the pretreatment of wastewater in the VLA will increase the methane yield at the stage of methanogenesis; the similar result was obtained by the authors during the anaerobic digestion of the organic fraction of municipal solid waste pretreated in the VLA [5].…”

“…The contents of total carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, and sulfur were determined using the Vario EL cube elemental analyzer (Elementar, Germany). Volatile fatty acids (VFA) were determined using the GCMSQP2010 Ultra gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (Shimadzu, USA), the conditions and operating mode of which were described earlier [5]. The total solids (TS) content was determined after drying the samples to constant weight at 105°C.…”

“…To speed up the process of anaerobic treatment of organic waste and increase the biogas yield, various methods of pretreatment (physical, chemical, physicochemical and biological) are used [1][2][3][4]. One of the most promising and energy-efficient methods is the use of vortex layer apparatus (VLA), in which a complex impact on the substrate takes place due to chaotically moving ferromagnetic bodies in a rotating magnetic field [5][6]. As a high-performance shredder, VLA has found applications in mineral processing, chemical, construction, food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries [7][8][9].…”

“…Besides the impact of ferromagnetic particles, cavitation also contributes to the intensive dispersion of the material, which also occurs during the device operation. In the process of treatment in VLA, the sample is heated, which, on the one hand, contributes to its disinfection, and on the other hand, it allows heating it to the required temperature before feeding into the anaerobic reactor, eliminating the temperature shock of the anaerobic microbial community and contributing to its stable operation [5]. Previously, the authors showed a positive impact of pretreatment of various organic substrates in VLA on the process of anaerobic digestion, in particular, on the kinetics of methanogenesis, the degree of decomposition of organic matter, methane content in biogas, and waste decontamination [5,6].…”

The Start-Up of Continuous Biohydrogen Production from Cheese Whey: Comparison of Inoculum Pretreatment Methods and Reactors with Moving and Fixed Polyurethane Carriers

“…VFAs were identified with the NIST 11 database. The VFA concentrations in liquid-phase samples were determined by the areas of chromatographic peaks in the mode of monitoring selected ions (ions assigned to the most intense lines in the mass spectra of tested substances) with the internal-size standard protocol [25]. TS content was determined after drying the samples to constant weight at 105 • C. The ash residue was calculated after burning a dry sample in a muffle furnace (JSC Laboratory Equipment and Instruments, Saint Petersburg, Russia) at 600 • C. VS content was calculated as the difference between TS and ash residue.…”