Efficient and stable solution-processed planar perovskite solar cells via contact passivation

Hui‐min, Tan; Jain, Ankit; Voznyy, Oleksandr; Lan, Xinzheng; Arquer, F. Pelayo Garcı́a de; Fan, James; Quintero-Bermúdez, Rafael; Yuan, Mingjian; Zhang, Bo; Zhao, Yicheng; Fan, Fengjia; Li, Peicheng; Quan, Li Na; Zhao, Yongbiao; Lü, Zheng; Yang, Zhenyu; Hoogland, Sjoerd; Sargent, Edward H.

doi:10.1126/science.aai9081

Cited by 2,149 publications

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“…[2,31] The TiO 2 NC were dispersed into anhydrous chloroform and anhydrous methanol (1:1 volume ratio) with various concentrations. Solution-processed compact TiO 2 was widely used as an electron selective layer in perovskite solar cells.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not any characteristic peaks for PbI 2 and TiO 2 are observed in TiO 2 NC/perovskite bilayer film, indicating the purity of the perovskite and also very weak crystallization of TiO 2 NC (consistent with the reported results). [31] The absorption spectra are presented in Figure 2b (the TiO 2 NC film does not display any absorption). The perovskite film shows broad absorption in a visible range from 400 to 800 nm with a cutoff wavelength of 800 nm, corresponding to the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 band gap of 1.55 eV.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aelm201700251mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In comparison, the bilayer device we designed here reaches an overall high performance with on/off ratio of 4000, D* of 1.85 × 10 12 Jones, and rise/decay time of 0.49/0.56 s. The success of the overall performance can be attributed to the excellent interface between the TiO 2 NC layer and the perovskite layer. [31] It is worth noting here that we also fabricated the perovskite photodetector based on much more compact (more crystallized) TiO 2 film, but the device performs poorly with higher dark current and lower on/ off ratio ( Figure S5, Supporting Information). In this device, a hydrophobic and dense surface of the compact TiO 2 film would cause an inferior interface and poor carrier transport properties.…”

Section: Doi: 101002/aelm201700251mentioning

confidence: 99%

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TiO₂ Nanocrystal/Perovskite Bilayer for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Ren

Chen

et al. 2017

Adv Elect Materials

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long carrier diffusion lengths, [9,10] and low deep-state defects. [11,12] Owing to their exciting photovoltaic applications, their promising potential in photodetection is drawing growing interest. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] Yang and co-workers first fabricated a vertical perovskite photodetector, [13] which demonstrated excellent light detecting capability. Lateral photodetectors are easy to make, and more importantly, their intrinsic gain mechanism can lead to very high photosensitivity. [30] Thereby many efforts have been devoted to developing such lateral devices. For single-layer perovskite devices reported, [14][15][16][17] relatively high detectivity (≈10 12 Jones) and short rise/decay time (dozens of milliseconds) were realized, but this is always associated with low on/ off ratios and poor electrical instabilities (induced by ion migration). To meet such challenge, bilayer devices are designed: perovskite film responsible for light absorption and another material film responsible for carriers transport. Significant enhancement in photoresponsivity has been achieved. [18][19][20][21][22][23][24] However, the reported bilayer devices usually employed high-conductive 2D layer to function as main photocarrier transport channel, and this leads to certain detrimental defects. For example, the graphene/perovskite bilayer devices exhibit very low on/off ratio of smaller than 2, [18][19][20][21] and the transition metal sulfides (WS 2 , MoS 2 )/perovskite bilayer devices have very long rise/decay time of a few seconds. [22,23] Also, it should be noted that graphene and the transition metal sulfides are usually deposited by complex and costly process, such as chemical vapor deposition, mechanical exfoliation, and hence is not suitable for large-area fabrication. Solutionprocessed MoS 2 [24] or organic [25,26] /CH 3 CH 3 PbI 3 photodetectors have been fabricated, but their performances are still limited by low on/off ratios of <500. Here we employed TiO 2 nanocrystal (NC) film to transport photocarrier. The designed TiO 2 NC/perovskite bilayer photodetector exhibits high overall performance with on/off ratio of 4000, photodetectivity of 1.85 × 10 12 Jones, and rise/decay time of 0.49/0.56 s. Figure 1a presents the schematic structure of the TiO 2 NC/ perovskite bilayer photodetector fabricated on a glass substrate. First, the TiO 2 NC film was spin coated on the glass substrate, and then Al electrodes were thermally evaporated on the TiO 2 NC film with help of an interdigital mask, resulting in a channel length of 80 µm and a channel width of 8800 µm. The perovskite film (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) was then spin coated on the TiO 2 NC film, completing the device fabrication (details Owing to their attractive performance in photovoltaic devices, organolead halide perovskite materials have attracted enormous interest for photodetector applications. However, current perovskite-based photodetectors mainly rely on high-conductive 2D materials such as graphene or transition metal sulfi...

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Doi: 101002/aelm201700251mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Doi: 101002/aelm201700251mentioning

confidence: 99%

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TiO₂ Nanocrystal/Perovskite Bilayer for High‐Performance Photodetectors

Ren

Chen

et al. 2017

Adv Elect Materials

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“…Perovskite solar cells have emerged as competitive solution‐processed candidates for photovoltaic applications due to the demonstration of high power conversion efficiency (PCE), ease of fabrication, and low materials cost 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9. The efficiency of perovskite solar cells has rapidly risen from 3.8% to over 22.1% just within the past several years 10, 11.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Substantial effort has been made to improve the stability of perovskites by adapting the recipe of the precursor and designing protective capping layers on top of the perovskite film 19, 20, 21, 22, 23. To achieve this aim, previous work has traditionally been performed under dry fabrication conditions to protect the perovskite precursor and to prevent moisture from contacting films during various stages of processing—typically by processing in glove boxes with parts per million levels of H 2 O 1, 24. In addition, compatible anhydrous solvents have to be chosen to obtain highly efficient and reproducible perovskite photovoltaics 19, 22, 25.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Aqueous‐Containing Precursor Solutions for Efficient Perovskite Solar Cells

et al. 2017

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Perovskite semiconductors have emerged as competitive candidates for photovoltaic applications due to their exceptional optoelectronic properties. However, the impact of moisture instability on perovskite films is still a key challenge for perovskite devices. While substantial effort is focused on preventing moisture interaction during the fabrication process, it is demonstrated that low moisture sensitivity, enhanced crystallization, and high performance can actually be achieved by exposure to high water content (up to 25 vol%) during fabrication with an aqueous‐containing perovskite precursor. The perovskite solar cells fabricated by this aqueous method show good reproducibility of high efficiency with average power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.7% and champion PCE of 20.1% under solar simulation. This study shows that water–perovskite interactions do not necessarily negatively impact the perovskite film preparation process even at the highest efficiencies and that exposure to high contents of water can actually enable humidity tolerance during fabrication in air.

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