Efficient Biotransformation of Phytosterols to Dehydroepiandrosterone by Mycobacterium sp.

Abstract

In this study, a method for the efficient production of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) from phytosterols in a vegetable oil/aqueous two-phase system by Mycobacterium sp. was developed. After the 3-hydroxyl group of phytosterols was protected, they could be converted into DHEA with high yield and productivity by Mycobacterium sp. NRRL B-3683. In a shake flask biotransformation, 15.05 g l of DHEA and a DHEA yield of 85.39% (mol mol) were attained after 7 days with an initial substrate concentration of 25 g l. When biotransformation was carried out in a 30-l stirred bioreactor with 25 g l substrate, the DHEA concentration and yield was 16.33 g l and 92.65% (mol mol) after 7 days, respectively. The results of this study suggest that inexpensive phytosterols could be utilized for the efficient production of DHEA.

Biotransformation of Phytosterols into Androstenedione—A Technological Prospecting Study

“…The manuscripts categorized as “metabolic intermediates” were mainly related to phytosterol or cholesterol conversion to intermediates (84%). Only 6 documents reported the direct production of hormones by phytosterol [ 14 , 42 , 47 , 86 , 92 , 113 ]. The final step in the biosynthesis of testosterone, for example, is the reduction of AD to TS by 17β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase.…”

“…(basonym: Mycobacterium sp.) [ 42 ]. The biotransformation in a 30-L stirred bioreactor, with 25 g L −1 of substrate, produced 16.33 g L −1 of DHEA after 7 days.…”

“…Therefore, a new search strategy was carried out, restricting the search to the period from January 2000 to December 2021, since many relevant documents fell within that period. As a result, 108 articles were obtained [ 4 , 6 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 , 22 , 23 , 24 , 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 , 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 , 57 , 58 , …”

Получение Эфиров Стеринов Растительного И Животного Происхождения Как Ключевых Производных Для Синтеза Дегидроэпиандростерона

“… ýòîì ñëó÷àå âîçìîaeíû 2 âàðèàíòà ñèíòåçà: õèìè÷åñêèé ñïîñîá ÷åðåç àíäðîñòåíäèîí (ÀÄ) [7 -9] èëè ìèêðîáèîëîãè÷åñêèé -íåïîñðåäñòâåííî èç ñòåðèíîâ. Ìèêðîáèîëîãè÷å-ñêèå ìåòîäû â ñòåðîèäíîì ñèíòåçå âñåãäà ïðåäïî÷òèòåëüíåå âñëåäñòâèå ñâîåé ñåëåêòèâíîñòè è ýêîëîãè÷íîñòè, îäíàêî â äàííîì ñëó÷àå äëÿ îñóùåñòâëåíèÿ ïðîöåññà ïîëó÷åíèÿ ÄÃÝÀ èç ñòåðèíîâ ðàñòèòåëüíîãî è aeèâîòíîãî ïðîèñõîaeäåíèÿ íåîáõîäèìî ðåøèòü ïðîáëåìó ýôôåêòèâíîãî îòùåïëåíèÿ áîêîâîé öåïè ñòåðèíîâ ïðè ñîõðàíåíèè D 5 -äâîéíîé ñâÿçè è ãèäðîêñèëüíîé ãðóïïû â Ñ3-ïîëîaeåíè [10]. Ñîãëàñíî ëèòåðàòóðíûì äàííûì, ïðè áëîêèðîâàíèè ëþáûìè ñïîñîáàìè äåéñòâèÿ ôåðìåíòà 3b-ãèäðîêñè-D 5 -ñòåðîèääåãèäðîãåíàçû è ïîñëåäóþùåì îòùåïëåíèè áîêîâîé öåïè âîçìîaeíî ìèêðîáèîëîãè÷åñêîå ïîëó÷åíèå ÄÃÝÀ èç ñòåðèíîâ [11,12].…”

“…Ñîãëàñíî ëèòåðàòóðíûì äàííûì, ïðè áëîêèðîâàíèè ëþáûìè ñïîñîáàìè äåéñòâèÿ ôåðìåíòà 3b-ãèäðîêñè-D 5 -ñòåðîèääåãèäðîãåíàçû è ïîñëåäóþùåì îòùåïëåíèè áîêîâîé öåïè âîçìîaeíî ìèêðîáèîëîãè÷åñêîå ïîëó÷åíèå ÄÃÝÀ èç ñòåðèíîâ [11,12]. Äëÿ çàùèòû ãèäðîêñèëüíîé ãðóïïû ïðè Ñ3, îáåñïå÷èâàþùåé ñîõðàíåíèå äâîéíîé ñâÿçè â êîëüöå  ïðè Ñ5-Ñ6, è äàëüíåéøåé êîíâåðñèè ìîëåêóëû äî ÄÃÝÀ ìîãóò áûòü èñïîëüçîâàíû ýôèðû ñòåðèíîâ aeèâîòíîãî è ðàñòèòåëüíîãî ïðîèñõîaeäåíèÿ (ðèñóíîê) [10].…”