Efficient chemical vapour deposition and arc discharge system for production of carbon nano-tubes on a gram scale

Abstract

Three indigenous systems—the underwater arc discharge setup, the inert environment arc discharge system, and the chemical vapor deposition (CVD) system—for the gram-scale production of carbon nanotubes were designed and fabricated. In this study, a detailed description of the development and fabrication of these systems is given. Carbon nanotubes were synthesized by using all the three systems, and comparative analyses of the morphology, composition, and purity were done. The synthesized materials were characterized using scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The scanning electron microscopy images show agglomerated tubed fiberlike structures in samples from the arc discharge setup, whereas samples from the CVD system do not show any tubelike structures decorated around the carbon nanotubes. Structural investigations done using powder XRD revealed the presence of the hexagonal crystallographic phase. Furthermore, the presence of the G and 2D bands reveals sp2 hybridization and confirms the presence of carbon nanotubes in samples. In conclusion, carbon nanotubes synthesized via the CVD system is of high quality and quantity. Moreover, the CVD is a cheap, easy to operate, and energy-saving synthesis method compared with the other two methods.

Field Emission from Carbon Nanotubes on Titanium Nitride-Coated Planar and 3D-Printed Substrates

“…Previous studies employing camphor in combination with ferrocene as precursors for CVD also yielded densely packed CNT films with a similar appearance as observed for our growth parameters. Moreover, comparable diameters between 20 and 60 nm were reported for multi-wall carbon nanotubes [24,25,36]. Thus, we assume that multi-wall CNTs were produced in this study based on the observed tube diameters.…”

Fabrication and prospective applications of graphene oxide-modified nanocomposites for wastewater remediation

“…35 Cost: 40$ per g Chemical reduction: chemical reduction in GO sheets with sodium borohydride led to the formation of rGO. 34 Cost: Low-cost, high-yield protocol Laser ablation: laser source, furnace, inert atmosphere, metal catalyst-graphite composite. 35 Cost: due to high capital cost of the laser and the fewer quantity of CNT aer nal purication, this method is not commercially viable Floating catalyst method: tubular reactor, quartz tube, thermocouples, inert gas.…”