Efficient flame retardancy, good thermal stability, mechanical enhancement, and transparency of DOPO-conjugated structure compound on epoxy resin

Yang, Yunxian; Chen, Wen; Li, Zhi; Huang, Guangyan; Wu, Guang Mei

doi:10.1016/j.cej.2022.138424

Cited by 83 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…The result of a thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) measurement is presented in Table S1 (Supporting Information). The TGA measurement showed that the decomposition temperature ( T d , corresponding to 5% weight loss) of DDHT was 328 °C (Figure S3, Supporting Information), and the high conjugate system and π–π stacking structure determine the good thermal stability of DDHT …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The TGA measurement showed that the decomposition temperature (T d , corresponding to 5% weight loss) of DDHT was 328 °C (Figure S3, Supporting Information), and the high conjugate system and π−π stacking structure determine the good thermal stability of DDHT. 47 Photothermal Performance of DDHT. The temperature variation of DDHT powder using 655 nm laser irradiation was observed with an infrared camera to determine its photothermal characteristics.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High-Performance Organic Photothermal Material Based on Fusion of the Donor–Acceptor Structure for Water Evaporation and Thermoelectric Power Generation

Zhao

Zhu

Pan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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Recently, organic photothermal materials have shown great application potential for solar-driven water−electricity co-generation. However, their extended application is limited by low solar-heat conversion efficiency. This study designed a planarized donor−acceptor (D−A)-type organic photothermal material 5,18-dibutyl-5,18-dihydrodiquinoxaline[2,3-a:2′,3′-c]phenazine (DDHT) by fusing a strongly electron-donating arylamine unit and strongly electron-withdrawing quinoxalino[2,3-a]phenazine unit. The fused-ring D−A structure not only endowed the material with broad absorption spectra through low-energy intramolecular charge−transfer transition, but also allowed for intense intermolecular π−π interactions, which improve nonradiative transition probability and, correspondingly, the photothermal conversion efficiency (58.58% under laser irradiation at 655 nm). Under a solar intensity of 1 kW m −2 , the water evaporation rate was 1.13 kg m −2 h −1 with a solar-to-vapor efficiency of 78.40% for the DDHT-based interfacial evaporation devices. Finally, a solar-driven steam and electricity co-generation device was prepared with the DDHT/wood composite as the solar-evaporator material, demonstrating electricity generation performances and excellent water purification capabilities. Our research found that fused-ring D−A structures are promising organic photothermal systems for efficient solar-heat conversion.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Performance Organic Photothermal Material Based on Fusion of the Donor–Acceptor Structure for Water Evaporation and Thermoelectric Power Generation

Zhao

Zhu

Pan

et al. 2022

ACS Appl. Energy Mater.

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“…The protons (a and b) from CH 3 appear at 0.05 and 0.56 ppm, and the signal at 2.46 ppm is ascribed to proton (d) from CH 2 . As shown in 31 P NMR ( Figure S2b,c ), the chemical shifts at 14.51 and 15.72 ppm for DOPO merge into a single signal at 7.06 ppm for DASO, which might be triggered by the steric hindrance of phosphaphenanthrene group [ 30 ].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A DOPO-Based Compound Containing Aminophenyl Silicone Oil for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate

Song

Cai

et al. 2023

Materials

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A novel P/N/Si-containing flame retardant (marked as DASO) was synthesized through an Atherton–Todd reaction between 9,10-dihydro-9-oxa-10-phospha-phenanthrene-10-oxide and aminophenyl silicone oil, and further used for reducing fire hazards of polycarbonate (PC). The chemical structure of DASO was verified via FTIR, 1H, and 31P NMR. Upon the incorporation of 2 wt% DASO, the FRPC composite achieved a high limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 32.2% and a desired UL-94 V-0 rating. In this case, the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total smoke production (TSP) were reduced by 26% and 44% as compared with the pure PC, respectively. The improved fire safety contributed to the flame retardant roles of DASO in both the condensed phase and gas phase. The presence of DASO promoted the formation of dense and highly graphited char layer in the condensed phase, and released non-combustible gases and phosphorus-containing radicals in the gas phase. Furthermore, the FRPC composites displayed comparable elongation at break but a slightly reduced tensile and impact strength.

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“…Yang et al synthesized the multifunctional flame retardant EAD with a conjugated structure by an addition reaction of P–H of DOPO and the alkynyl group of 4-ethynylaniline (EA). When 2 wt % EAD was added to the epoxy resin, the phosphorus loading was only 0.186 wt %, which could effectively improve the flame retardancy of the epoxy resin and LOI increased by 31% and UL-94 reached V-0 grade . To sum up, DOPO is often used as a basic raw material to synthesize phosphorus flame retardants with high molecular weight, and these DOPO-based flame retardants have obvious flame retardant effects.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When 2 wt % EAD was added to the epoxy resin, the phosphorus loading was only 0.186 wt %, which could effectively improve the flame retardancy of the epoxy resin and LOI increased by 31% and UL-94 reached V-0 grade. 27 To sum up, DOPO is often used as a basic raw material to synthesize phosphorus flame retardants with high molecular weight, and these DOPO-based flame retardants have obvious flame retardant effects. However, these DOPO-based flame retardants with large molecular weight are still small-molecule flame retardants, and their structures and functions cannot be customized.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Bifunctional Additives with both Flame Retardant Properties and Antistatic Properties via ATRP

et al. 2022

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Polystyrene (PS) is widely used in our daily life, but it is flammable and produces a large number of toxic gases and hightemperature flue gases in the combustion process, which limit its application. Improving the flame retardancy of PS has become an urgent problem to be solved. In addition, in view of the disadvantage that small-molecule flame retardants can easily migrate from polymers during use, which leads to the gradual reduction of the flame retardant effect or even loss of flame retardant performance, and the outstanding advantages of ATRP technology in polymer structure design and function customization, we used ATRP technology to synthesize the high-molecular-weight bifunctional additive PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA, which has flame retardant properties and antistatic properties. The chemical structure and molecular weight of PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA were characterized by FTIR, 1 H NMR, GPC, and XPS. When the addition of PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEAEMA was 15 wt %, the limiting oxygen index (LOI) of polystyrene composites was 28.4%, which was 53.51% higher than that of pure polystyrene, the peak of the heat release rate (pHRR) was 37.61% lower than that of pure polystyrene, UL-94 reached V-0 grade, and the flame retardant index (FRI) was 2.98. In addition, when the PFAA-DOPO-b-PDEEMA content is 15 wt %, the surface resistivity and volume resistivity of polystyrene composites are 2 orders of magnitude lower than those of polystyrene. This research work provides a reference for the design of bifunctional and even multifunctional polymers.

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Efficient flame retardancy, good thermal stability, mechanical enhancement, and transparency of DOPO-conjugated structure compound on epoxy resin

Cited by 83 publications

References 59 publications

High-Performance Organic Photothermal Material Based on Fusion of the Donor–Acceptor Structure for Water Evaporation and Thermoelectric Power Generation

High-Performance Organic Photothermal Material Based on Fusion of the Donor–Acceptor Structure for Water Evaporation and Thermoelectric Power Generation

A DOPO-Based Compound Containing Aminophenyl Silicone Oil for Reducing Fire Hazards of Polycarbonate

Synthesis of High-Molecular-Weight Bifunctional Additives with both Flame Retardant Properties and Antistatic Properties via ATRP

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