Efficient transdifferentiation of human adipose-derived stem cells into Schwann-like cells: A promise for treatment of demyelinating diseases

Abstract

Background:Schwann cells (SCs) can provide a suitable option for treatment not only diseases of peripheral nervous system (PNS), but also diseases of central nervous system (CNS). It is difficult to obtain sufficient large number of SCs for clinical purpose because of their restricted mitotic activity, and by sacrificing one or more functioning nerves with the consequence of loss of sensation. So, providing an alternative source for transplantation is desired. The aim of this study was isolation, characterization of human adipose derived stem cells (ADSCs), and transdifferentiation into Schwann-cells.Materials and Methods:After isolation of ADSCs by mechanical and enzymatic digestion of adipose samples, characterization human ADSCs using flow cytometry was carried out. Human ADSCs were sequentially treated with various factors for neurosphere formation and terminal differentiation into Schwann-like cells. We used Schwann cell markers, GFAP and S100 to confirm the effectiveness of the differentiation of human ADSCs using Immunostaining and real time RT-PCR techniques.Results:Flow cytometry analysis of ADSC showed isolated stem cells were positive for CD90 and CD44 markers of mesenchymal stem cells, but for CD45 and CD34 markers were negative. Dual immunofluorescence staining and real time RT-PCR analysis for GFAP and S100 markers were revealed that approximately 90% of differentiated cells expressed co-markers.Conclusion:We indicated that human ADSCs have a suitable option to induce Schwann-like cells for autologous transplantation, offer promise for treatment in demyelinating diseases.

Putative mesenchymal stem cells isolated from adult human ovaries

“…Gonzalez et al [13] showed that MSCs can express pluripotency-related genes, and even more interesting these MSCs were isolated from adult human testes, which could indicate that these cells and PO-MSCs originate from the same cells in the developmental stage of indifferent gonads. Moreover, there are more and more studies confirming the trans-differentiation potential of MSCs [49][50][51][52][53][54][55] which makes them still more interesting to be applied in regenerative medicine and cellular therapies in the future. In the case of cells cultured in this study, we would particularly suggest using them in the frame of restoring ovarian function in cases of its impairment or of premature ovarian failure.…”

Transdifferentiation potential of adipose-derived stem cells into neural lineage and their application

“…However, recent studies demonstrated that ADSCs seems to be one ideal cell source for transdifferentiation into SCs [40]. In our previous study, using a standard protocol, ADSCs were induced into SCs [22].…”

“…In addition, Kanno et al, in their study concluded that the combination of SC transplants engineered to secrete neurotrophin and chondroitinase further improves axonal regeneration and sensorimotor function [45]. In our previous study, we indicated that ADSC are a good option to induce SCs-like for transplantation in demyelinating disease [22]. Moreover, these cells were able to generate components of myelin shell when exposed to Leukemia inhi-bitory factor (LIF) [24].…”

“…ADSCs when cultured in the appropriate conditions are capable to differentiate into other cells outside their lineage such as neuronal, glial and neurotrophic factors secreting cells (NTFs) [14][15][16][19][20][21][22][23][24] (Figure 1). Thus, offers the potential to tissue maintenance and regeneration.…”

The Use of Adipose Derived Cells for Skin Nerve Regeneration – Short Review of Experimental Research

“…Differentiated rat [4, 15,16] and also human [17,18] Schwann-like cells expressed in vitro myelin proteins, glial markers, and induced neurite sprouting. Further, coculturing of ASCs with Schwann cells resulted also in differentiation of ASCs into Schwann-like cells [19][20][21].…”