Efficient Two-Dimensional Direction Finding Algorithm for Rectilinear Sources Under Unknown Mutual Coupling

Xie, Jian; Wang, Qiuping; Wang, Yuexian; Yang, Xin

doi:10.3390/s20071914

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The TSRARE algorithm only requires SOS and 1-D spectral search. Another localization algorithm for mixed-field sources under unknown MC is proposed in [223], which is based on rectilinearity [224]. In this algorithm, the multiple parameters of DOA, range, and MCC are decoupled, so that only three 1-D spectral searches are needed to estimate the parameters of the mixed rectilinear signals [225].…”

Section: E the Effect Of Antenna Mutual Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario

Molaei,

Zakeri,

Andargoli

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation plays a crucial role in array signal processing across various domains, including radar, sonar, wireless communications, and seismic exploration. However, traditional DOA techniques often assume either far-field (FF) or near-field (NF) propagation, limiting their applicability in scenarios involving mixed-field sources. DOA estimation and localization in scenarios involving mixed NF and FF sources is a complex and dynamic field that has garnered significant research attention in recent years. This multifaceted and evolving area holds promise for addressing challenges in radar, wireless communications, and acoustic sensing applications. This review paper provides a comprehensive overview of the methodologies, techniques, and advancements in this domain. We categorize existing methodologies, discussing their advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we delve into the mathematical modeling of mixed-field sources and essential signal processing techniques for parameter estimation. Special attention is given to technical issues such as aperture loss, computational complexity, and hardware considerations. The paper discusses the various sources of noise in the mentioned scenario and highlights the importance of modeling noise accurately for effective estimation. It also explores different scenarios and assumptions considered in the literature, ranging from non-Gaussian and nonstationary noise environments to scenarios involving multipath propagation and unknown mutual coupling effects. A detailed examination of the statistical approaches used in DOA estimation and localization reveals a diverse range of methods, including higher-order statistics and second-order statistics, each with its own advantages and applications. A comparative evaluation of various approaches highlights their performance in terms of estimation accuracy, resolution, aperture loss and computational efficiency. This provides insights into the trade-offs involved in choosing between different approaches. The review also identifies promising future research directions, such as the exploration of advanced signal processing techniques like compressive sensing and deep learning, exact NF modeling, estimation based on one-bit measurements, the integration of polarization diversity, employing metasurface antennas, tracking parameters, and the utilization of full-wave or experimental data for a more realistic representation of the challenges. By reviewing advances in methodologies and techniques, as well as outlining future research directions aimed at addressing the complexities of mixed-field scenarios, this paper paves the way for the development of more robust and reliable localization systems capable of handling real-world complexities.

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Section: E the Effect Of Antenna Mutual Couplingmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario

Molaei,

Zakeri,

Andargoli

et al. 2024

IEEE Access

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“…Generally, antennas belong to three classes: Uniform Rectangular Array (URA) [ 38 ], Uniform Linear Array (ULA) [ 39 ], and Uniform Circular Array (UCA) [ 40 ]. The antenna array scheme demands much knowledge.…”

Section: Rf Radiogoniometry Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bluetooth 5.1: An Analysis of Direction Finding Capability for High-Precision Location Services

Pau

Arena

Gebremariam

et al. 2021

Sensors

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This paper presents an in-depth overview of the Bluetooth 5.1 Direction Finding standard’s potentials, thanks to enhancing the Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) firmware. This improvement allows producers to create location applications based on the Angle of Departure (AoD) and the Angle of Arrival (AoA). Accordingly, it is conceivable to design proper Indoor Positioning Systems (IPS), for instance, for the traceability of resources, assets, and people. First of all, Radio Frequency (RF) radiogoniometry techniques, helpful in calculating AoA and AoD angles, are introduced in this paper. Subsequently, the topic relating to signal direction estimation is deepened. The Bluetooth Core Specification updates concerning version 5.1, both at the packet architecture and prototyping levels, are also reported. Some suitable platforms and development kits for running the new features are then presented, and some basic applications are illustrated. This paper’s final part allows ascertaining the improvement made by this new definition of BLE and possible future developments, especially concerning applications related to devices, assets, or people’s indoor localization. Some preliminary results gathered in a real evaluation scenario are also presented.

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“…The planar arrays are easy to fabricate. URA is the simplest array to fabricate that gives maximum gain (Xie et al 2020).But conformal arrays can remove the heavy instrument equipped on the top of existing airborne air crafts.The comparison between easy-to-manufacture URA is done with a conformal array which is a type of non-planar array. This study was limited to the hemispherical conformal array.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Angular Resolution improvement by conformal array with the 2-D Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm for RADAR

Jagtap

Kunte²

2022

Preprint

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One of the most demanding requirement of RADAR system is estimation of Direction of arrival (DoA) estimation when two or more objects are very close to each other. It is quite difficult for any ranging and detection system to distinguish between them. Multiple antenna receiver technologies such as array antenna technology have advanced to the point, where they can achieve high angular resolution. Multiple antenna arrays are Planar array and Conformal array.Radiating elements are equally spread over surfaces in planar(URA) and conformal antennas apertures are of curved surface. Main problem with planar arrays is scan angles, are about +/-60 • from broadside.In conformal array, scan angle is about 360 • .This extended scan is very much useful for missiles and high speed air crafts radar, compare to planar array. So this paper checks how conformal array is better for high speed air craft’s radar system for achieving improved angular resolution. To achieve higher resolution in DoA estimation, subspace-based algorithms Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) is used with conformal array. This work focuses on comparing Conformal arrays and Uniform Rectangular arrays for DoA estimation. This paper examines the effect of using the MUSIC algorithm along with two different kinds of receivers to check for noise level and improved DoA resolution. Conformal array receivers shows two closely spaced objects are resolvable with 25 perecent improvement in azimuth angle and 68 perecent in elevation angle over the Uniform Rectangular Array(URA).As the number of array elements increased in conformal array,more accuracy in DOA estimation with reduced grating lobes achieved.The performance of these systems is assessed using computer simulation studies using Matlab. The findings shows conformal multi-array receiver outperforms URA receiver.

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Efficient Two-Dimensional Direction Finding Algorithm for Rectilinear Sources Under Unknown Mutual Coupling

Cited by 3 publications

References 41 publications

A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario

A Comprehensive Review of Direction-of-Arrival Estimation and Localization Approaches in Mixed-Field Sources Scenario

Bluetooth 5.1: An Analysis of Direction Finding Capability for High-Precision Location Services

Angular Resolution improvement by conformal array with the 2-D Multiple Signal Classification (MUSIC) algorithm for RADAR

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