Efficient Two‐Photon‐Sensitized Luminescence of a Europium(<scp>III</scp>) Complex

Fu, Li‐Min; Wen, Xin-Jian; Ai, Xuan; Sun, Yang; Wu, Yishi; Zhang, Jianping; Wang, Yuan

doi:10.1002/anie.200462382

Cited by 162 publications

(122 citation statements)

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“…Studies of lanthanide complexes under such multiphoton excitation are rare [24,[76][77][78], and further work is necessary to identify complexes that have a suitable response towards multiphoton excitation under biological conditions. We note that multiphoton-excited luminescence, which involves the simultaneous absorption of several photons, is different from the upconversion luminescence for lanthanide-doped phosphors described earlier in this chapter, which is based on the sequential absorption of photons.…”

Section: Excitation Of Near-infrared Luminescent Lanthanide Ions and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Infrared Luminescent Labels and Probes Based on Lanthanide Ions and Their Potential for Applications in Bioanalytical Detection and Imaging

Werts

2010

Lanthanide Luminescence

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The use of near-infrared (NIR) light in bioanalytical detection and biological imaging presents certain advantages over UV-visible light in terms of penetration depth, reduction of background signals and decreased phototoxicity. Under suitable conditions, complexes of ytterbium(III)-, neodymium(III)-and erbium (III)-containing organic chromophores may display relatively bright NIR luminescence upon excitation with visible light. This contrasts with the more commonly studied visibly luminescent europium(III) and terbium(III) complexes, which generally need UV or blue light for excitation. We discuss the current knowledge on NIR luminescence of lanthanide complexes (including holmium(III), praseodymium(III) and thulium(III)) in solution. It is suggested that among the NIR luminescent lanthanide complexes, ytterbium(III) complexes are likely to be the most promising candidates for biophotonic applications. The study of NIR luminescence and its application in bioanalytical detection are enabled by progress in detector and light source technology, which are also addressed. Recent developments in lanthanide-based NIR luminescent materials, including complexes and doped nanoparticles, are discussed in the light of their potential for bioanalytical application.

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Section: Excitation Of Near-infrared Luminescent Lanthanide Ions and mentioning

confidence: 99%

Near-Infrared Luminescent Labels and Probes Based on Lanthanide Ions and Their Potential for Applications in Bioanalytical Detection and Imaging

Werts

2010

Lanthanide Luminescence

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“…[1] Two-photon-sensitized luminescence of lanthanide(III) complexes provides a very promising manner for detecting labeled biomolecules, [2][3][4][5] in which luminescence is aroused via twophoton excitation (TPE) of a light-harvesting ligand and subsequent excitation energy transfer (EET) to the metal ions. It is expected that fluorescent immunoassay or bioimaging techniques based on such a label material, capable of being excited by near infrared (NIR) laser radiation, will combine the advantages of high sensitivity, high signal-to-noise ratio, deep penetration, and low photodamage to biological samples.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, examples for the lanthanide complexes with excellent TPEsensitizable luminescence properties are still very limited. [2,3,5,6] One of the challenges for the development of a lanthanide biolabeling material is to create novel lanthanide(III) complexes with both high efficiency of two-photon sensitization and a broad TPE window in the NIR region. Recently Werts et al [6c] studied the two-photon-sensitized luminescence properties of Michler's ketone-sensitized Eu(Fod) 3 complex (Fod = 6,6,7,7,8,8,8-heptafluoro-2,2-dimethyl-3,5-octanedionato) in toluene.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this system, an action cross section of two-photon-excited luminescence (d × U F ) of 43 GM (1 GM = 10 -50 cm 4 s photon -1 molecule -1 ) at 810 nm was determined, which decreased rapidly upon increasing the excitation wavelength (below 25 GM at 840 nm). Previously, we reported an unusual complex [Eu(tta) 3 dpbt] (Scheme 1a; tta: thenoyltrifluoroacetonate; dpbt: 2-(N,N-diethylanilin-4-yl)-4,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine), [3,7] which transfers the excitation energy via the singlet pathway and emits high-purity red light with high efficiency upon TPE. Its d × U F value is as high We report the synthesis and excellent two-photon-sensitized luminescence properties of a new complex [Eu(tta) 3 dmbpt] (tta = henoyltrifluoroacetonate; dmbpt = 2-(N,N-diethyl-2,6-dimethylanilin-4-yl)-4,6-bis(3,5-dimethylpyrazol-1-yl)-1,3,5-triazine) that exhibits the highest efficiency of lanthanide luminescence when excited by near-infrared (NIR) laser pulses (action cross section of two-photon-excited fluorescence d × U F : 85 GM at 812 nm and 56 GM at 842 nm; 1 GM = 10 -50 cm 4 s photon -1 molecule -1…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Europium Complex With Excellent Two‐Photon‐Sensitized Luminescence Properties

Hao

Wang

et al. 2007

Adv Funct Materials

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We report the synthesis and excellent two‐photon‐sensitized luminescence properties of a new complex [Eu(tta)3dmbpt] (tta = henoyltrifluoroacetonate; dmbpt = 2‐(N,N‐diethyl‐2,6‐dimethylanilin‐4‐yl)‐4,6‐bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine) that exhibits the highest efficiency of lanthanide luminescence when excited by near‐infrared (NIR) laser pulses (action cross section of two‐photon‐excited fluorescence δ × ΦF: 85 GM at 812 nm and 56 GM at 842 nm; 1 GM = 10–50 cm4 s photon–1 molecule–1). Compared to a previously reported [Eu(tta)3dpbt] complex, (dpbt = 2‐(N,N‐diethylanilin‐4‐yl)‐4,6‐bis(3,5‐dimethylpyrazol‐1‐yl)‐1,3,5‐triazine), [Eu(tta)3dmbpt] has two excess methyl groups at the 2,6‐positions of the phenyl ring. Crystallographic data of dmbpt show that the 2,6‐dimethyl substitutes bring about a significant twist in the conformation of the diethylamino group compared to that in dpbt, which severely influences the conjugation in the ground state between the electron lone pair of N in the –N(CH2–)2 moiety and the aromatic electron system in dmbpt. The large two‐photon absorption (TPA) cross section of dmbpt is mainly derived from its large static dipole moment difference between the S0 and the S1 states, which is partly responsible for the high capability of two‐photon‐sensitized luminescence of [Eu(tta)3dmbpt]. The broader two‐ and single‐photon excitation windows and the superior two‐photon‐sensitized luminescent properties in the long‐wavelength NIR region of [Eu(tta)3dmbpt] compared to [Eu(tta)3dpbt] are also explained according to the calculated results and twisted structure.

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“…Luminescent lanthanide chelates, with unique properties such as high color purity and insensitivity to environmental quenching, were found to have great potential in bioimaging and biolabeling applications. [4] Very recently, we reported the in vitro and in vivo cell tracking of the micelles based on Eu(III) coordination complexes. [5] From an application standpoint, the fluorophores that are needed for single and multisignal biological detection should have some specific properties: i) water solubility, to avoid aggregation effects, ii) tunable fluorescence (sensitive to specific parameters), iii) emission of fluorescence at a significantly longer wavelength than the excitation source, so that observation of the label is not complicated by back-scattering effects, and, iv) low cytotoxicity.…”

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confidence: 99%