Efficient water use in industries: Cases from the Indian agro-based pulp and paper mills

Tewari, P.K.; Batra, Vidya S.; Balakrishnan, M.

doi:10.1016/j.jenvman.2007.09.001

Cited by 58 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…The Indian pulp and paper industry is highly water intensive, consuming 100-250 m 3 freshwater/ton paper and generating a corresponding 75-225 m 3 wastewater/ton paper [2]. The effluents are often treated by biological treatment processes such as activated sludge process or aerated lagoon.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa

Haq

Kumari

Kumar

et al. 2016

Advances in Biology

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Pulp and paper mill effluent induced phytotoxicity and genotoxicity in mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) and root tip cells of onion (Allium cepa L.) were investigated. Physicochemical characteristics such as electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD 5 ), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total phenols of the pulp and paper mill effluent were beyond the permissible limit specified for the discharge of effluent in inland water bodies. Compared to control plants, seedling exposed to 100% effluent concentration showed a reduction in root and shoot length and biomass by 65%, 67%, and 84%, respectively, after 5 days of treatment. A. cepa root tip cells exposed to effluent concentrations ranging from 25 to 100% v/v showed a significant decrease in mitotic index (MI) from 32 to 11% with respect to control root tip cells (69%) indicating effluent induced cytotoxicity. Further, the effluent induced DNA damage as evidenced by the presence of various chromosomal aberrations like stickiness, chromosome loss, anaphase bridge, c-mitosis, tripolar anaphase, vagrant chromosome, and telophase bridge and micronucleated and binucleated cell in A. cepa. Findings of the present study indicate that pulp and paper mill effluents may act as genotoxic and phytotoxic agents in plant model system.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of the Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa

Haq

Kumari

Kumar

et al. 2016

Advances in Biology

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“…With practically all of this water reappearing as effluent (72-225 m 3 /ton paper), a large amount of treatment and disposal is required [5]. Pulp and paper mill effluent irrigation has been shown to increase crop yields through increasing nutrient status of the soil [6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Long Term Irrigation with Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent on the Bacterial Community Structure and Catabolic Function in Soil

et al. 2013

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Microbial communities play a vital role in maintaining soil health. A multiphasic approach to assess the effect of pulp and paper mill effluent on both the structure and function of microbial soil communities is taken. Bacterial communities from agricultural soils irrigated with pulp and paper mill effluent were compared to communities form soils irrigated with well water. Samples were taken from fields in the state of Uttarakhand, India, where pulp and paper mill effluent has been used for irrigation for over 25 years.

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“…For instance, the black liquor from bleaching process can be concentrated and burned in order to recover inorganic smelt of Na 2 CO 3 and Na 2 S to be re used for cooking the unbleached pulps [47]. However, such strategies would require the infrastructures for the chemical recovery and many of the small and some of medium scale P&P mills (<100t/d) lack of such facilities and, as a result, they discharge the rejects directly into the receiving environment [48]. In addition to the production method applied, the nature and origin of the raw materials used can cause the presence of some toxic and non toxic substances such as resin acids (from conifer species), sterols (mainly b sitosterol), waxes, and b sitosterol esters (from the Kraft cooking and oxygen pre bleaching of Eucalyptus sp.)…”

Section: Wastewater and Sludge From Pandp Production Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill wastes – An overview of the developments and improvement opportunities

Kamali

Gameiro

Costa

2016

Chemical Engineering Journal

186

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Efficient water use in industries: Cases from the Indian agro-based pulp and paper mills

Cited by 58 publications

References 2 publications

Evaluation of the Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa

Evaluation of the Phytotoxic and Genotoxic Potential of Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent Using Vigna radiata and Allium cepa

Influence of Long Term Irrigation with Pulp and Paper Mill Effluent on the Bacterial Community Structure and Catabolic Function in Soil

Anaerobic digestion of pulp and paper mill wastes – An overview of the developments and improvement opportunities

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