Efforts to Save Nickel in Austenitic Stainless Steels

Oshima, Takayuki; Habara, Yasuhiro; Kuroda, Kotaro

doi:10.2355/isijinternational.47.359

Cited by 84 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 28 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…At present, the 200 series stainless steel account for more than 10% of the total stainless steel production. 14,15) This has been the motivation for the present study. This research work may be called as the stepping stone towards the contribution of generating the valuable electrochemical data of Cr-Mn ASS.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Intergranular Corrosion of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and Chrome-Manganese Austenitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The use of Chrome-Manganese austenitic stainless steel (Cr-Mn ASS) has tremendously increased in past few years in applications like home accessories, office appliances, light poles, etc and it is serving as an alternative to 300 series. But, the study related to sensitization behavior of these steels is scanty. Therefore, this paper aims a systematic comparison on intergranular corrosion of AISI 304 stainless steel and Cr-Mn ASS. The qualitative and quantitative comparison of degree of sensitization of these steels was carried out on the basis of optical microscopy (ASTM standard A-262 practice A test) and electrochemical test (double loop electrochemical potentiokinetic reactivation (DLEPR)) respectively. The isothermal time-temperature-sensitization diagrams were used to compare the effect of heat treatment on sensitization zone of both the steels. The DLEPR results showed that the AISI 304 SS starts to recover from sensitization when ageing time is prolonged beyond 2 880 min. (at 700°C), whereas for Cr-Mn ASS, the degree of sensitization keeps on increasing to a very high value of 60.70% (11 520 min.). Chromium depleted zone was identified and compared using Electron Probe Micro-analyzer (EPMA) line scan of both the steels. The depleted region of sensitized Cr-Mn ASS is found to be much wider than that of AISI 304 SS.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Comparative Study of Intergranular Corrosion of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and Chrome-Manganese Austenitic Stainless Steel

et al. 2012

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The newly developed chrome-manganese stainless steels (SSs) grades are widely fascinating the market of conventional austenitic stainless steels (ASSs). The price uctuation of Ni (foremost alloying element to stabilize austenitic phase in conventional ASSs) and subsequent price rise and instability are also promoting the economic counterpart; chrome-manganese SSs 2) . Fusion welding is an inevitable process in the joining of dissimilar stainless steels.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Electrodes and Post Weld Solution Annealing Treatment on Microstructures, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar High Nitrogen Austenitic and Conventional Austenitic Stainless Steel Weldments

2017

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In the present investigation, the dissimilar metal butt joints between low nickel high nitrogen 201 stainless steel and conventional 304 stainless steel were prepared by shielded metal arc welding process with two different llers, E308L and E309L. The effects of llers, along with variation in solution annealing temperature as 1050 C and 1100 C, on the microstructural characteristics, mechanical properties, and intergranular corrosion behaviour of dissimilar weldments were investigated. The primary δ-ferrites of fusion zone were transformed into austenite at the solution annealing temperature for both the llers and the transformation rate was accelerated with the increased solution annealing temperature. This led to a reduction in the ferritic-austenitic interface and subsequently improved the corrosion resistance. The double loop electrochemical potentiodynamic reactivation test was performed to measure the degree of sensitization. The fracture surface examination of weldments revealed the presence of a brous structure before the solution annealing treatment and demonstrated a ductile failure. After the solution annealing treatment, the ferrite to austenite transformation treatment led to a river like morphology and indicated for brittle fracture.

show abstract

“…Today, the Ni content varies from 4 to 10 mass% in typical stainless steel grades. Therefore, many studies 1,2) have focused on applications and developments of ferritic and other stainless steel grades without or with low contents of Ni. Here, one example of an effective direction of improving the final properties for ferritic stainless steel grades is a refinement of the microstructure.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Secondary Nitride Particles on Grain Growth in a Fe-20 mass% Cr Alloy Deoxidised with Ti and Zr

et al. 2013

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The pinning effects of different particles on grain growth were investigated in Fe-20 mass% Cr alloys deoxidised with Ti and Zr. More specifically, in-situ observations of the specimen surface were made during heat treatment at 1 200 and 1 400°C in a High Temperature -Confocal Scanning Laser Microscope (HT-CSLM). Initially, primary and secondary particles were investigated using thermodynamic equilibrium calculations and the SEM/EDX observations. Thereafter, the pinning effect of secondary nitride particles on grain boundary migration and the kinetics of the grain growth process were investigated. It was found that secondary nitride particles generally have a considerable effect on the pinning of grain boundary migration during heating treatment. This is especially true for heat treatment at 1 400°C. Despite that the pinning effect of TiN particles decreases due to dissolution of these particles, the implicit pinning effects of ZrO2, ZrO2-ZrN and ZrO2-ZrN-TiN particles appear. Thus, despite that TiN individually is ineffective in causing grain-boundary pinning at high-temperature, TiN is effective as a compound with ZrO2 and ZrN in pinning grain-boundaries at high temperatures. The changing of the uniformity of grain size distributions during grain growth at different N contents and temperatures was discussed based on the consideration of the geometric standard deviation of the grain size distribution (σ g).

show abstract

Efforts to Save Nickel in Austenitic Stainless Steels

Abstract: Table 5. Comparison of properties of Type 304 with those of stainless steels to save Ni.

Cited by 84 publications

References 28 publications

A Comparative Study of Intergranular Corrosion of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and Chrome-Manganese Austenitic Stainless Steel

A Comparative Study of Intergranular Corrosion of AISI 304 Stainless Steel and Chrome-Manganese Austenitic Stainless Steel

Effect of Electrodes and Post Weld Solution Annealing Treatment on Microstructures, Mechanical Properties and Corrosion Resistance of Dissimilar High Nitrogen Austenitic and Conventional Austenitic Stainless Steel Weldments

Effect of Secondary Nitride Particles on Grain Growth in a Fe-20 mass% Cr Alloy Deoxidised with Ti and Zr

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About