Egalitarismus und Antiegalitarismus zwischen gesellschaftlichen Interessen und kulturellen Leitbildern. Ergebnisse eines internationalen Vergleichs

Haller, Max; Mach, Bogdan W.; Zwicky, Heinrich

doi:10.1007/978-3-663-11419-2_9

Cited by 26 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This is in line with the so-called reflection thesis from social justice research: that conflict perception depends on how gaping the income inequalities in a country are. Surveys have revealed huge cross-national differences in levels of perceived conflicts (Haller, Mach, and Zwicky 1995;Hadler 2003;Delhey and Keck, 2008), lending some support to the reflection thesis.…”

Section: Conflictsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Why Inequality Makes Europeans Less Happy: The Role of Distrust, Status Anxiety, and Perceived Conflict

Delhey

Dragolov

2013

European Sociological Review

221

193

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Are more equal societies 'better' societies? This article addresses the question as to whether and why income inequality lowers the degree of Europeans' subjective well-being. While in broad international comparisons typically no clear-cut link between income inequality and (un)happiness exists, we can demonstrate that Europeans are somewhat less happy in more unequal places. We further discuss and empirically test three explanations as to why Europeans are inequality-averse, namely (dis)trust, status anxiety, and perceived conflicts. Each of these three potential mediators is hypothesized to be shaped by the extent of a nation's income inequality, and in turn to result in lower subjective well-being. A multilevel mediation analysis with data from the European Quality of Life Survey 2007 for 30 countries reveals that distrust and status anxiety are important mediators of inequality aversion, whereas perceived conflict is not. We can further show that trust is the crucial mediator among affluent societies, whereas status anxiety is crucial among the less affluent societies. The results are discussed with reference to the Spirit Level theory developed

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Section: Conflictsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Why Inequality Makes Europeans Less Happy: The Role of Distrust, Status Anxiety, and Perceived Conflict

Delhey

Dragolov

2013

European Sociological Review

221

193

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“…The issue of social inequality and stratification is not only a matter of objective facts and trends, but also one of political rhetoric and subjective perceptions. Similar objective levels of inequality may be perceived and evaluated in quite varied ways by different individuals and social groups, depending on their position in the social structure and their personal biographies and future prospects and on the issues and images which prevail in public life and politics [Ossowski 1963;Runciman 1967;Parkin 1972;Letwin 1983;Haller, Mach and Zwicky 1995;Riedl and Haller 2014].…”

Section: The Perception Of Social Stratification and Inequality: 1987mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This 'social consciousness' [Ossowski 1963] arises as the result of a continuous competition between different ideologies [Mannheim 1951]. It has been shown that the content and influences of these ideologies vary significantly between societies [Haller et al 1995]. The United States is a paradigmatic society where the liberal ideology of equal opportunities prevails, while the Scandinavian countries might represent the opposite position, that of a society where there is support for substantive equality of conditions and considerable redistribution [Willi 1966;Münch 2001;Svallfors 2003].…”

Section: Subjective Perceptions Of Social Stratification and Inequalimentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Stratification and Its Perception in Austria and Its Central-East European Neighbouring Countries from 1960 to 2015: Historical Legacies, Socialist Pasts and Recent Developments

Hadler¹,

Haller²

2019

Czech Sociological Review

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This article compares Austria with three of its former state-socialist neighbouring countries: the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Hungary. The authors are guided by the assumption that it is necessary to analyse changes in both the structure and the perception of inequality and that the two are interconnected. They assume that some general differences exist as a result of the legacy of state socialism in the three post-communist countries, but also that significant differences exist between those three countries themselves that stem from their different paths of development in the 19th and early 20th centuries. In the first part of this article, differences in the societal-political aims of a Western country such as Austria and those of state-socialist countries are discussed. The authors argue that the state-socialist countries were able to contain income inequality but were less successful at limiting other aspects of inequality. Austria, on the other hand, was able to avoid the severe income inequalities of the capitalist system by introducing democratic-corporatist institutions and a strong welfare state. In the second part of the article the authors investigate the subjective perception of inequality based on the ISSP inequality surveys. The majority of the population in all four countries think that income differences are too large, but there are significant differences in how people perceive and evaluate the stratification structure: in Austria, individuals rank themselves significantly higher than do people in the other three countries and see their society as dominated by the middle classes. The opposite is true in Hungary, where most people think that they live in a society characterised by a small elite, and they see the mass of the people at the bottom.

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“…For example, people in Sweden and Germany favor more the equality principle, whereas people in the United States have a stronger preference for the equity principle (Haller, Mach, and Zwicky 1995;Liebig and Wegener 1995). In order to validate the BSJO scale, in the following we will therefore test a number of assumptions concerning relationships among certain order-related justice attitudes measured via the BSJO scale and a list of socio-demographic characteristics (sex, region, age, education, and income).…”

Section: Order-related Justice Attitudes Among Different Population Gmentioning

confidence: 99%

Principles of the Just Distribution of Benefits and Burdens: The 'Basic Social Justice Orientations' Scale for Measuring Order-Related Social Justice Attitudes

2016

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Standard-Nutzungsbedingungen:Die Dokumente auf EconStor dürfen zu eigenen wissenschaftlichen Zwecken und zum Privatgebrauch gespeichert und kopiert werden.Sie dürfen die Dokumente nicht für öffentliche oder kommerzielle Zwecke vervielfältigen, öffentlich ausstellen, öffentlich zugänglich machen, vertreiben oder anderweitig nutzen.Sofern die Verfasser die Dokumente unter Open-Content-Lizenzen (insbesondere CC-Lizenzen) zur Verfügung gestellt haben sollten, gelten abweichend von diesen Nutzungsbedingungen die in der dort genannten Lizenz gewährten Nutzungsrechte. Terms of use: Documents in SOEPpapers on Multidisciplinary Panel Data Research at DIW BerlinThis series presents research findings based either directly on data from the German SocioEconomic Panel study (SOEP) or using SOEP data as part of an internationally comparable data set (e.g. CNEF, ECHP, LIS, LWS, CHER/PACO). SOEP is a truly multidisciplinary household panel study covering a wide range of social and behavioral sciences: economics, sociology, psychology, survey methodology, econometrics and applied statistics, educational science, political science, public health, behavioral genetics, demography, geography, and sport science.The decision to publish a submission in SOEPpapers is made by a board of editors chosen by the DIW Berlin to represent the wide range of disciplines covered by SOEP. There is no external referee process and papers are either accepted or rejected without revision. Papers appear in this series as works in progress and may also appear elsewhere. They often represent preliminary studies and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be requested from the author directly.Any opinions expressed in this series are those of the author(s) and not those of DIW Berlin.Research disseminated by DIW Berlin may include views on public policy issues, but the institute itself takes no institutional policy positions. AbstractThe paper introduces a short scale for measuring attitudes to four fundamental principles of the just distribution of benefits and burdens in a society. The Basic Social Justice Orientations (BSJO) scale is an eight-item scale that measures agreement with the equality, equity, need, and entitlement principle. In contrast to comparable other scales that have been used in justice research in the past, the BSJO scale is consistent with the current state of empirical justice research and allows for the study of the constructs distinguished by studies in that area and, more specifically, in the context of population surveys and with respect to societal distribution conflicts. The paper reports the methodological aspects of the construction and use of the scale in population surveys, as well as results concerning reliability and validity. The study uses data from three general social surveys that have been conducted in Germany: LINOS-1, SOEP Innovation Sample 2012, and ALLBUS 2014. The analysis of these three data sets confirms the assumed...

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Egalitarismus und Antiegalitarismus zwischen gesellschaftlichen Interessen und kulturellen Leitbildern. Ergebnisse eines internationalen Vergleichs

Cited by 26 publications

References 12 publications

Why Inequality Makes Europeans Less Happy: The Role of Distrust, Status Anxiety, and Perceived Conflict

Why Inequality Makes Europeans Less Happy: The Role of Distrust, Status Anxiety, and Perceived Conflict

Social Stratification and Its Perception in Austria and Its Central-East European Neighbouring Countries from 1960 to 2015: Historical Legacies, Socialist Pasts and Recent Developments

Principles of the Just Distribution of Benefits and Burdens: The 'Basic Social Justice Orientations' Scale for Measuring Order-Related Social Justice Attitudes

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