El paradigma de los comunes y la protección social pública como claves hacia el bienestar

Abstract

Este artículo indaga en las aportaciones que el paradigma de los comunes puede ofrecer a la gestión y a la formulación de la protección social pública. Se examina la evolución teórica del marco de “los comunes” desde los años setenta y se hace especial hincapié en cómo se ha articulado a raíz de los movimientos de la ciudadanía durante el contexto de crisis económica y de empleo en España. Se argumenta que el marco de organización política que defienden “los comunes” puede contribuir a reconfigurar el modelo público de bienestar incorporando la participación ciudadana y asumiendo los retos que plantea la sostenibilidad de la vida.

The caring city? A critical reflection on Barcelona’s municipal experiments in care and the commons

“…There is a connection between the crisis of care and the commons (Federici, 2011; Martínez-Buján, 2020; Recano and Santi, 2020). Commoning can be understood as an act of resistance against enclosures and privatisations, and as an advocacy for the creation of non-commodified systems of social production related to communitarian forms of property and governance (Federici, 2011; Giuliani and Vercellone, 2019).…”

“…While some municipalist scholars have engaged with social reproductive issues such as urban-placed tenant unions (Janoschka and Mota, 2021), or the re-municipalisation of resources (Angel, 2020; Muehlebach, 2018), a connection between the commons, municipalism and the crisis of care remains rare (Martínez-Buján, 2020). More broadly, the crisis of social reproduction has not been sufficiently addressed in urban theory (Joy and Vogel, 2021).…”

“…Furthermore, it is expected that the efficiency gained through working in localised teams will create more free working time for care givers, which will then allow them to spend part of their working hours in designing communitarian activities. This communitarian dimension has not been developed yet, but the ideas behind care superblocks highlight the potential of the ‘public’ to foster the ‘commons’ (Martínez-Buján, 2020) and highlights some ways in which communities can become more involved in care practices (Moreno, 2021).…”

“…It maintains different departments for economic affairs and social services, for the productive and reproductive spheres. The danger of the commons being co-opted is related to this maintained division, whereby the community might be seen as a mechanism through which to save on what the economic approach sees as a ‘cost’ for increasing resources for production (Federici, 2011; Martínez-Buján, 2020). Municipalism has been most effective in promoting the commons when it has engaged citizens through assemblies and organised around concrete material demands of social reproduction.…”

Remaking Communities and Adult Learning

“…On foundatio ns of joint responsibility, Marco Marchioni (1997) more than two decades ago recalled that the organised community is the most important resource and is "a contribution to strengthening democracy, to revitalising it, to its ability to be a living thing in the body of society and not a purely formal element" (p. 549, authors' translation). Change, commitment and participation must go hand-in-hand in this process, seeking an equitable relationship between the public and the communal, since we need a broad vision of social protection that emerges from collective participation and supports our coexistence, beyond our individual interests (Martínez Buján, 2020).…”