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Cutaneous gene therapy and DNA vaccination are potential applications of plasmid delivery methods where a gene for an antigen or a therapeutic protein is inserted in the plasmid and applied to the skin. However, the delivery of the DNA plasmid is a major challenge due to the unusual physicochemical properties of the DNA, the tissue and cellular barriers and expression difficulties. Even though the skin is the most accessible organ of the body and it is an ideal target for gene therapy, the delivery of plasmid DNA across the skin is very difficult due to the specific barrier function of the stratum corneum and the inconsistent transfection rate of keratinocytes and other epidermal cells. To date there is no gene delivery system that was shown to be optimal for cutaneous gene therapy. In order to develop an efficient non-viral delivery vehicle we need to design a system that provides the combined properties of effective DNA condensation, cutaneous permeation, cellular transfection and sufficiently sustained expression. This paper reviews the formulation approaches and delivery methods for DNA through the skin in the context of the barriers both at the tissue and cellular levels for both vaccine and gene therapy applications.

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“…Ethanol-in-fluorocarbon microemulsion is another formulation that has been used for topical genetic immunization [79].…”

Section: Topical Administration Of Dna Vaccines To the Skinmentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA Delivery for Vaccination and Therapeutics Through the Skin

Földvári¹,

Babiuk²,

Badea

2006

CDD

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“…Also, IgG titers of mice immunized with chitosan oligomer/CMC nanoparticles tended to be less variable than those immunized with naked pDNA. They also reported the genetic immunization using nanoparticles engineered from microemulsion precursors technique [7,8,49]. The effects of incorporation of dioleoylphos-phatidylethanolamine (DOPE) in the nanoparticles and the mannan coating on the nanoparticles on the overall immune responses are shown in Table 3.…”

Section: Microemulsion (Nanoparticles) Delivery Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Adjuvants have been used to enhance the immune responses to antigens for about 70 years. Several adjuvants have been used to increase intrinsic capacity of DNA, such as cytokine genes [50,51], granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulatory factor [52,53], recombinant protein [49,54], and chemical reagents such as lipid A, imiquimod, and DMSO [48,49,55]. Until recently, adjuvants have been used in systemic immunization such as intramuscular, intranasal, and oral route.…”

Section: Effect Of Adjuvants On the Topical Dna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Cui and Mumper [49] reported the effect of coadministration of adjuvants with a cationic nanoparticlesbased DNA vaccine delivery system on the resulting immune responses. Co-administration of cholera toxin (CT) and lipid A (LA) with naked DNA led to a significant enhancement in specific total IgG titer in sera to an expressed antigen compared to immunization without adjuvants.…”

Section: Effect Of Adjuvants On the Topical Dna Vaccinesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Effect of Adjuvants on the Production of Serum Antibody and Release of INF-γ from Isolated Splenocytes[49] …”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Topical DNA Vaccination with DNA/Lipid Based Complex

Choi¹,

Kim²,

Maibach³

2006

CDD

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Topical DNA vaccines have been shown to elicit both broad humoral and cellular immune response in vivo. The skin is an attractive site for the delivery DNA antigens for DNA vaccination. However, due to skin's barrier properties, the penetration of DNA and the applications of topical vaccination are limited. To improve permeability of stratum corneum and the potency of topical DNA vaccines, efficient delivery systems are needed. Topical vaccination has been achieved using topical application of naked DNA with or without tape stripping and DNA/lipid based complex such as liposomes, niosomes, Transfersomes, or microemulsion. All methods resulted in significant enhancement in humoral and cellular immune response over naked DNA alone. To develop more cost-effective and needle free vaccines, skin targeted immunizations are required. This overview focuses on the comparison of the potency of topical DNA vaccine between naked DNA and DNA-lipid based complex.

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Surfactant effect on cloud condensation nuclei for two‐component internally mixed aerosols

2016

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This work presents experimental data on the cloud condensation nuclei (CCN) activity of two‐component mixtures containing surfactants. Nine binary systems were tested combining strong ionic (sodium dodecyl sulfate) and nonionic surfactants (Zonyl FS‐300 and Triton X‐100) with nonsurfactant compounds (glucose, ammonium sulfate, or sodium chloride). Control tests were performed for systems combining organic (glucose) and inorganic compounds (ammonium sulfate or sodium chloride). Results show that CCN activity deviates strongly relative to predictions made from measurements of bulk surface tension. Köhler theory accounting for surface tension reduction and surface partitioning underpredicts the CCN activity of particles containing Zonyl FS‐300 and Triton X‐100. Partitioning theory better describes data for Zonyl FS‐300 and Triton X‐100 when limiting surface adsorption to 1.5 monolayers of the growing drop. Deviations from predictions were observed. Likely explanations include solute‐solute interactions and nonspherical particle shape. The findings presented here examine in detail the perturbation of CCN activity by surfactants and may offer insight into both the success and limitations of physical models describing CCN activity of surface active molecules.

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Abstract: A novel fluorocarbon-based microemulsion system for potential DNA vaccine delivery was developed.

Cited by 34 publications

References 28 publications

DNA Delivery for Vaccination and Therapeutics Through the Skin

DNA Delivery for Vaccination and Therapeutics Through the Skin

Topical DNA Vaccination with DNA/Lipid Based Complex

Surfactant effect on cloud condensation nuclei for two‐component internally mixed aerosols

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