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Коробейников, С. М.; Мелехов, А. В.; Sinikh, Yu. N.; Soloveichik, Yuri G.

doi:10.1023/a:1017546206307

Cited by 20 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Recent works [25,26] present data on discharge initiation in water upon the artificial production of microbubbles with dimensions of 20-100 µm produced near electrodes by the pulsed heating of a thin wire. A microbubble was photographed with magnifications of up to 100 using a pulsed (~3 ns) laser or a multiframe system with mandatory locking to the moment a voltage pulse (up to 100 kV) of controlled polarity was applied.…”

Section: Electrode Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When a layer is introduced, the field strength near the electrode surface changes with time t in the first approximation as (25) where U is the voltage amplitude, d is the interelectrode distance, and t r is the voltage rise time. If t r > t c , an increase in the gap BS can be expected, since the influence of breakdown-initiating near-electrode processes weakens.…”

Section: Changes In the Near-electrode Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water as an insulator in pulsed facilities (Review)

Gerasimov

2005

Instrum Exp Tech

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Transmission lines with distributed parameters are often used as electrical energy storage units and high-voltage (high-current) pulse shapers in electrophysical facilities. To increase the pulse power and reduce the dimensions of the equipment, deionized water, purified from mechanical impurities and gas, is used as an insulator in lines. Water has a high breakdown strength ((BS) ~ 130 kV/cm) at pulses with a duration of ~1 µ s and electrode areas of up to tens of square meters, a large value of the relative permittivity (~80), and a small loss tangent in the frequency range 0-1 GHz. Water also possesses a number of characteristics needed to achieve the above aims. We review here the data on the electrical properties of water and the studies of it published over the last three decades; the methods for increasing the water BS and the influence of numerous factors on the BS; the physical mechanism of water breakdown and the basic regularities of the BS in strong electric fields; the BS in the most frequently used electrode systems; formulas for calculating the water BS under different conditions and over the surfaces of solid dielectrics; the characteristics of mixtures of water and ethylene glycol or methanol; water purification systems for electrophysical facilities; the comparative parameters of coaxial energy storage units having various insulators, etc. The summary generalizes the brief and predominantly reference information on the electrical properties of water and its applications for researchers, engineers, and the users of the equipment having water insulation; it can help to solve related problems more quickly and reliably.

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Section: Electrode Materialmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Changes In the Near-electrode Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water as an insulator in pulsed facilities (Review)

Gerasimov

2005

Instrum Exp Tech

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“…Later stages of the evolution of gas-filled bubbles in a dielectric liquid within a strong electric field are theoretically and experimentally studied in [20], [21].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cavitation in dielectric fluid in inhomogeneous pulsed electric field

Shneider

Pekker

2013

Journal of Applied Physics

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This paper proposes a method for studying the early stages of the cavitation development in arbitrary, non-stationary conditions. This method is based on the comparison of the results of calculations in the framework of a theoretical model of the liquid dielectrics motion in a strong non-uniform electric field and experiments with controlled parameters. This approach allows us to find the critical negative pressure, at which cavitation begins to develop, and to determine the values of the constants in the classical models of cavitation

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“…The classical alkaline water electrolysis has been chosen as a representative two-phase electrolysis process: 2 H 2 O + 2 e -H 2 + 2 OHaq E° = -0.83 V/ENH (R1) 2 OHaq 0.5 O 2 + H 2 O + 2 e -E° = 0.40V/ENH (R2) Note that the alkaline water electrolysis, with minimal cell voltage equal to 1.23V, is generally chosen as the reference process for industrial hydrogen production. Many researchers (1)(2)(3)(4)(5)(6)(7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16)(17) have studied and exposed the difficulties in the two-phase electrolysis processes.The main problem is the existence of several effects, surface and volume effects, at the bubble scale but as well at the macroscopic electrochemical cell or reactor scale. In the present work, the working electrode material and level of gravity has been experimentally explored factors.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alkaline Water Electrolysis Resistance Evolution at Normal Earth Gravity and Under Zero Gravity Conditions

Mandin

Graverend²,

Wüthrich³

et al. 2009

ECS Trans.

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The goal of the present work is to present both experimental and numerical modelling of the gas production, during a two-phase electrolysis process: the alkaline water electrolysis. Numerical and experimental results obtained at normal and zero gravity will be presented. This possibility of zero gravity experiments allows the study of electrochemical performances in absence of natural convective transport. Particularly, such results allow input data identification and give accurate validation benchmark for numerical modelling.

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Untitled

Cited by 20 publications

References 5 publications

Water as an insulator in pulsed facilities (Review)

Water as an insulator in pulsed facilities (Review)

Cavitation in dielectric fluid in inhomogeneous pulsed electric field

Alkaline Water Electrolysis Resistance Evolution at Normal Earth Gravity and Under Zero Gravity Conditions

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