Elastic block copolymer nanocomposites with controlled interfacial interactions for artificial muscles with direct voltage control

Stoyanov, Hristiyan; Kollosche, Matthias; Risse, Sebastian; McCarthy, Denis N.; Kofod, Guggi

doi:10.1039/c0sm00715c

Cited by 120 publications

(115 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…By virtue of the excellent properties such as large strain, fast response, lightweight, reliability, high energy density, and high electromechanical coupling efficiency, DEAs find applications in artificial muscles, sensors, micro air vehicles, flat-panel speakers, micro-robotics, and responsive prosthetics [4][5][6][7][8]. A key limitation for the practical application of DEAs is the requirement of high electric field (>100 kV/mm) to drive them [9][10][11], which could be harmful to humans and can damage equipment, particularly in biological and medical fields [12]. Therefore, getting a large actuated strain at a low electric field is the biggest challenge for DEAs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneously improved actuated performance and mechanical strength of silicone elastomer by reduced graphene oxide encapsulated silicon dioxide

Ning

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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Herein, graphene oxide (GO)-encapsulated silica (SiO 2 ) hybrids (GO@SiO 2 ) were prepared via electrostatic self-assembly of the 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APS)-modified SiO 2 and GO. The as-prepared GO@SiO 2 was introduced into polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) elastomer to simultaneously increase the dielectric constant (k) and mechanical properties of PDMS. Then, the in situ thermal reduction of GO@SiO 2 / PDMS composites was conducted at 180°C for 2 h to increase the interfacial polarizability of GO@SiO 2 . As a result, the values of k at 1000 Hz are largely improved from 3.2 for PDMS to 13.3 for the reduced GO@SiO 2 (RGO@SiO 2 )/PDMS elastomer. Meanwhile, the dielectric loss of the composites remains low (<0.2 at 1000 Hz). More importantly, the actuated strain at low electric field (5 kV/mm) obviously increases from 0.3% for pure PDMS to 2.59% for the composites with 60 phr of RGO@SiO 2 , an eightfold increase in the actuated strain. In addition, both the tensile strength and elastic modulus are obviously improved by adding 60 phr of RGO@SiO 2 , indicating a good reinforcing effect of RGO@SiO 2 on PDMS. Our goal is to develop a simple and effective way to improve the actuated performance and mechanical strength of the PDMS dielectric elastomer for its wider application.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneously improved actuated performance and mechanical strength of silicone elastomer by reduced graphene oxide encapsulated silicon dioxide

Ning

Wang

Zhang

et al. 2015

International Journal of Smart and Nano Materials

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“…This last approach is, to date, the most promising method and is being pursued through both the chemical grafting of polarisable organic (macro)molecules to an elastomer backbone 7 and the development of composite elastomeric systems. [8][9][10] The first strategy has recently shown to increase the electro-mechanical performance of certain elastomers. Nevertheless, chemical procedures involve both time-consuming and rather expensive reactions, which could hinder a timely scale-up of the developed materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Towards materials with enhanced electro-mechanical response: CaCu3Ti4O12–polydimethylsiloxane composites

et al. 2012

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We describe a straightforward production pathway of polymer matrix composites with increased dielectric constant for dielectric elastomer actuators (DEAs). Up to date, the approach of using composites made of high dielectric constant ceramics and insulating polymers has not evidenced any improvement in the performance of DEA devices, mainly as a consequence of the ferroelectric nature of the employed ceramics. We propose here an unexplored alternative to these traditional fillers, introducing calcium copper titanate (CCTO) CaCu 3 Ti 4 O 12 , which has a giant dielectric constant making it very suitable for capacitive applications. All CCTO-polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) composites developed display an improved electro-mechanical performance. The largest actuation improvement was achieved for the composite with 5.1 vol% of CCTO, having an increment in the actuation strain of about 100% together with a reduction of 25% in the electric field compared to the raw PDMS matrix.

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“…As promising actuators, DEs offer the benefits of light weight, fast response and simple principles of work. The field of DEs has been intensively studied experimentally and theoretically in the last decade, and, consequently, nowadays these actuators are feasible [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. In spite of the significant progress, these materials are limited by the extremely large electric fields that they require for meaningful actuation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…An approach to challenge the issue is to consider heterogeneous DEs by combining an elastomer with a high dielectric or even conductive material [13][14][15][16][17]. This approach has been shown to be promising in experiments [8,18]. Moreover, theoretical estimations [19][20][21] show that the experimental results are only a beginning, and proper optimization of the microstructure can lead to orders of magnitude improvement in electromechanical coupling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Much of the existing work on coupled instabilities is motivated by failure. Examples include the study of pull-in instabilities [33,34], electrical breakdown [8,35] and failure mechanisms at high electric fields [36] in homogeneous media as well as electrical breakdown of DE with random distribution of the inclusions [37,38]. Dorfmann & Ogden [39] wrote the incremental equations of electro-elasto-statics about a finite deformation, and used it to study the stability of homogeneous half-space.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Multiscale instabilities in soft heterogeneous dielectric elastomers

2014

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The development of instabilities in soft heterogeneous dielectric elastomers is investigated. Motivated by experiments and possible applications, we use in our analysis the physically relevant referential electric field instead of electric displacement. In terms of this variable, a closed form solution is derived for the class of layered neo-Hookean dielectrics. A criterion for the onset of electromechanical multiscale instabilities for the layered composites with anisotropic phases is formulated. A general condition for the onset of the macroscopic instability in soft multiphase dielectrics is introduced. In the example of the layered dielectrics, the essential influence of the microstructure on the onset of instabilities is revealed. We found that: (i) macroscopic instabilities dominate at moderate volume fractions of the stiffer phase, (ii) interface instabilities appear at small volume fractions of the stiffer phase and (iii) instabilities of a finite scale, comparable to the microstructure size, occur at large volume fractions of the stiffer phase. The latest new type of instabilities does not appear in the purely mechanical case and dominates in the region of large volume fractions of the stiff phase.

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Elastic block copolymer nanocomposites with controlled interfacial interactions for artificial muscles with direct voltage control

Cited by 120 publications

References 52 publications

Simultaneously improved actuated performance and mechanical strength of silicone elastomer by reduced graphene oxide encapsulated silicon dioxide

Simultaneously improved actuated performance and mechanical strength of silicone elastomer by reduced graphene oxide encapsulated silicon dioxide

Towards materials with enhanced electro-mechanical response: CaCu3Ti4O12–polydimethylsiloxane composites

Multiscale instabilities in soft heterogeneous dielectric elastomers

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