Elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of 0.955Pb(Zn/sub 1/3/Nb/sub 2/3/)O/sub 3/-0.45PbTiO/sub 3/ single crystal with designed multidomains

Abstract

The elastic, piezoelectric, and dielectric properties of a 0.955Pb(Zn(1/3)Nb(2/3))O(3)-0.045PbTiO(3 ) (PZN-4.5%PT) multi-domain single crystal, poled along [001] of the original cubic direction, have been determined experimentally using combined resonance and ultrasonic methods. At room temperature, the PZN-4.5%PT single crystal has rhombohedral symmetry. After being poled along [001], four degenerate states still remain. Statistically, such a domain-engineered crystal may be treated as having an average tetragonal symmetry, and its material constants were determined based on 4 mm symmetry. It was confirmed that the electromechanical coupling coefficient k(33) for the domain-engineered samples is >90%, and the piezoelectric constant d(33) is >2000 pC/N. A soft shear mode with a velocity of 700 m/s was found in the [110] direction. From the measured experimental data, the orientational dependence of phase velocities and electromechanical coupling coefficients was calculated. The results showed that the transverse and longitudinal coupling coefficients, k(31) and k(33), reach their maximum along [110] and [001], respectively.

Characterization of full set material constants of piezoelectric materials based on ultrasonic method and inverse impedance spectroscopy using only one sample

“…[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12] In modern device design, finite element software packages are routinely used, which need to have the complete set of material properties of constituent materials as input. The accuracy of these material constants determines the accuracy of the design simulation.…”

“…[2][3][4][5][6][7][8] It is worth mentioning that better accuracy could be obtained by ultrasonic method than the resonance method. 6,14 But only a few independent constants can be measured from one sample by the pulse-echo ultrasonic method.…”

Characterization of piezoelectric materials with large piezoelectric and electromechanical coupling coefficients

“…[7][8][9][10]. For characterization of 4mm piezoelectric crystals, five samples are usually employed: (1) …”

“…Following the same argument in previous studies [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9], we treat the [0 0 1] poled PZN-PT and PMN-PT single crystals as pseudo-tetragonal with 4mm domain pattern symmetry. The fourfold axis is along the poling direction, i.e., [0 0 1] direction of parent cubic system.…”

[111]-oriented PIN-PMN-PT crystals with ultrahigh dielectric permittivity and high frequency constant for high-frequency transducer applications

“…10 First, perovskite crystals, in general, possess the highest elastic stiffness constant c 33 D along the pseudo-cubic h111i body diagonals, since the anisotropy factor A [A ¼ 2c 44 /(c 11 -c 12 )] 11 is larger than 1, as given in Table I. 10,[12][13][14] Therefore, perovskite crystals oriented along the [111] direction are selected to achieve a high frequency constant N 33 . Second, the special ferroelectric phase for [111]-oriented crystals, in which high dielectric permittivities present, must be identified.…”