Elastic properties of single elastic fibers

Carton, Robert W.; Dainauskas, John; Clark, John W.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1962.17.3.547

Cited by 110 publications

(45 citation statements)

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“…Interestingly, however, the exponential stressstrain relationship appears not only for composite connective tissues, where architectural rearrangements contribute to it, but also for the single fibrils. Tests run on single elastic fibrils (14) show that a single fibril, teased out of the bundle which contains it, still shows increasing stiffness with increasing load.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of the esophageal wall

Goyal¹,

Biancani²,

Phillips³

et al. 1971

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T Pressure-diameter curves of the esophagus were obtained to define its mechanical properties. The mucosal contribution to the strength of the esophagus was negligible until the outer diameter almost doubled, suggesting that small intraluminal pressures are held by the muscle layer alone. For larger deformations mucosal contribution increased and at failure the mucosa held over one-half of the failure pressure of the esophagus.The paths followed during loading and unloading are different and exhibit hysteresis. They are influenced by the rate of pressure change, being more compliant for low rates of pressure change. They are influenced by the history of loading, being different for successive loadingunloading cycles. If enough loading-unloading cycles are repeated a stable loop is reached, which does not change thereafter.Both the mucosa and the whole esophagus show increasing stiffness with increasing pressure. This behavior can be represented by a simple exponential relationship. However, at rapid rates of pressure increases, the esophageal muscles produce sigmoid loading curves, which gradually become exponential when repeating loading.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical properties of the esophageal wall

Goyal¹,

Biancani²,

Phillips³

et al. 1971

J. Clin. Invest.

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“…Another nuclear bag fibre is obscured by the chain fibres except at the right end of (c), where the chain fibres are Elastic fibres and reticulin of mammalian muscle spindles Two properties of elastic fibres may be important in muscle spindles. They recoil immediately after stretching [Carton, Dainauskas and Clark, 1962] and it is apparently principally because of this property that they are present in lung [Mead, 1961], artery walls [Burton, 1954;Hoffman, Grande, Gibson, Park, Daly, Bornstein and Ross, 1973], skin [Daly, 1969] and ligament [Wood, 1954]. Cooper and Daniel [1967] suggested that it is because of this ability to recoil that they are present in muscle spindles.…”

Section: Jeticulinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elastic Fibres and Reticulin of Mammalian Muscle Spindles and Their Functional Significance

Cooper

Gladden

1974

Exp Physiol

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The distribution of elastic fibres and reticulin of muscle spindles of man, cat and rat was studied by light and electron microscopy. The elastic fibres form a continuous network, arranged longitudinally around the intrafusal fibres; this is connected to a much finer elastic fibre network among the extrafusal muscle fibres. In general there are many more elastic fibres around nuclear bag fibres than around nuclear chain fibres and it seems unlikely that the 'elasticity' of nuclear chain fibres observed experimentally can be due to the few elastic fibres which surround them. A comparison of the arrangement of elastic fibres on nuclear bag fibres in their extracapsular regions and in the lymph space suggests that nuclear bag fibres are more easily extensible within the lymph space: different portions of the same nuclear bag fibre may therefore also differ mechanically. In human muscle spindles two types of nuclear bag fibre are distinguished: in one type the elastic fibres are concentrated on either side of the equatorial region, whereas in the other type they are more evenly distributed along the length of the fibre. This suggests that these bag fibres may be subjected to different mechanical stresses, possibly due to different motor innervation. Most of the elastic fibres in the region of the primary sensory ending ramify among the inner capsule cells immediately surrounding the intrafusal bundle. This may be a mechanism of bridging the coils of the primary sensory ending while maintaining or increasing the mechanical strength of the region. Each individual intrafusal fibre has a reticulin covering along its length and the sensory nerve terminals lie between the intrafusal fibre and its reticulin covering. In the equatorial region the entire intrafusal bundle is bound together by an additional covering of reticulin. It is suggested that when intrafusal fibres are stretched the sensory endings may be compressed between the intrafusal muscle fibre and the reticulin and/or elastic fibres with resultant distortion and depolarization of the sensory endings.

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“…These hypotheses postulate that the PV relationship measured in the normal lung can be partitioned according to the elastic qualities of the two main connective tissue elements of the lung, elastin and collagen. Elastin, which is a highly extensible fiber and can be stretched to 130% of its resting length (47), is believed to be responsible for the shape ofthe PV curve at low and mid-lung volumes. Collagen, with a high elastic modulus allowing for fiber lengthening of only 2% (48), is believed to be responsible for the shape of PV curve at high-lung volumes.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of human leukocyte elastase by platelet factor 4. Physiologic, morphologic, and biochemical effects on hamster lungs in vitro.

Lonky¹,

Wohl²

1981

J. Clin. Invest.

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A B S T R A C T The purpose of this study was to determine if human platelet factor 4 (PF4) stimulates human leukocyte elastase (HLE) against lung elastin. Lung elastin was purified from hamster lungs and tritiated by reduction with NaB3H4. We found that HLE activity against this substrate is increased by concentrations of PF4 as low as 1.6 ,ugml, and that this stimulation increased linearly with additional PF4. Lungs removed from hamnsters and inflated with solutions containing buffer alone, low dose HLE, HLE plus PF4, or PF4 alone were incubated for 2 h at 370C. Whereas low-dose HLE failed to lower lung elastin when compared to control animals, HLE stimulated by PF4 lowered lung elastin by 20%. PF4 alone had no effect. Furthermore, low-dose HLE failed to alter the mechanical properties ofhamster lungs as measured by pressure-volume curves in saline, although there was a significant loss of lung elasticity in the mid-and highlung volume ranges in lungs treated with HLE and PF4. Morphologic studies revealed that low dose HLE resulted in a minimal emphysemalike lesion whereas HLE plus PF4 caused a significantly more severe lesion. PF4 is capable of stimulating HLE against lung elastin, and this effect may have a role in the pathogenesis of emphysema.

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Elastic properties of single elastic fibers

Cited by 110 publications

References 0 publications

Mechanical properties of the esophageal wall

Mechanical properties of the esophageal wall

Elastic Fibres and Reticulin of Mammalian Muscle Spindles and Their Functional Significance

Stimulation of human leukocyte elastase by platelet factor 4. Physiologic, morphologic, and biochemical effects on hamster lungs in vitro.

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