Electric-field-controlled optical beam splitter using the Kerr effect and the Nb/(Ta + Nb) composition ratio gradient

Gong, Dunwei; Wu, You; Liang, Yonggan; Ou, Wenjing; Wang, Jianjun; Liu, Bing; Zhou, Zhongxiang

doi:10.1088/1054-660x/25/5/056102

Cited by 6 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…In various optical applications such as interferometers [4][5][6], chromatic dispersion [7,8], and optical communications [9], a beam splitter [10][11][12] plays a significant role in separating light polarization, wavelength, and power, due to their ability to split an incoming light beam into two or more separate beams. Various methods and structures, including photonic crystals [13][14][15], wave plates [16,17], and metasurface [3,[18][19][20][21], are used to implement beam splitters. However, conventional optical components used to create beam splitters, are bulky and heavy, which leads to problems in integrating them into miniature optical circuits [22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conical holes arrays for 2 × 2 ports division

Huang,

Wang

2024

Phys. Scr.

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The 2×2 ports division is introduced based on novel conical holes arrays in this paper. Under the normal incidence of wavelength 780 nm, the grating can achieve high efficiency in the orders (±1, 0) and (0, ±1) which are 24.28% and 24.33%. The uniformity (E U) and the extinction rate (E T) are 0.10% and 21.10 dB. Furthermore, the numerical analysis indicates that the proposed grating exhibits a large angular bandwidth of 11° and a wavelength bandwidth of 34 nm when the target condition has diffraction efficiency above 20% for all main diffraction orders. What's more, the results demonstrate that the proposed grating is feasible for practical manufacturing by exhibiting good manufacturing tolerances and high performance. The performance of the grating is so excellent that it has a wide application prospect in interferometers, spectroscopy, optical communications, etc.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conical holes arrays for 2 × 2 ports division

Huang,

Wang

2024

Phys. Scr.

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“…With the advent in recent years of high quality sizable KTN crystals that are suitable for device fabrication, there has been a growing interest in KTN crystals for different applications such as EO modulators, dynamic optical waveguides, and high-speed beam scanners6789101112. The unique features of high scanning speed and non-mechanical movement make the KTN crystal-based beam scanner useful in many different optical systems, such as high-speed spectrometers13, high speed optical coherent tomography14, wavelength-tunable lasers15, dynamic optical beam splitters16, and alignment-free holographic memory systems17.…”

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confidence: 99%

Three order increase in scanning speed of space charge-controlled KTN deflector by eliminating electric field induced phase transition in nanodisordered KTN

Zhu

Chao

Chen

et al. 2016

Sci Rep

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In this paper, we report a three orders-of-magnitude increase in the speed of a space-charge-controlled KTN beam deflector achieved by eliminating the electric field-induced phase transition (EFIPT) in a nanodisordered KTN crystal. Previously, to maximize the electro-optic effect, a KTN beam deflector was operated at a temperature slightly above the Curie temperature. The electric field could cause the KTN to undergo a phase transition from the paraelectric phase to the ferroelectric phase at this temperature, which causes the deflector to operate in the linear electro-optic regime. Since the deflection angle of the deflector is proportional to the space charge distribution but not the magnitude of the applied electric field, the scanning speed of the beam deflector is limited by the electron mobility within the KTN crystal. To overcome this speed limitation caused by the EFIPT, we propose to operate the deflector at a temperature above the critical end point. This results in a significant increase in the scanning speed from the microsecond to nanosecond regime, which represents a major technological advance in the field of fast speed beam scanners. This can be highly beneficial for many applications including high-speed imaging, broadband optical communications, and ultrafast laser display and printing.

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New functionalities of potassium tantalate niobate deflectors enabled by the coexistence of pre-injected space charge and composition gradient

Zhu

Chao

Chen

et al. 2017

Journal of Applied Physics

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In most beam steering applications such as 3D printing and in vivo imaging, one of the essential challenges has been high-resolution high-speed multi-dimensional optical beam scanning. Although the pre-injected space charge controlled potassium tantalate niobate (KTN) deflectors can achieve speeds in the nanosecond regime, they deflect in only one dimension. In order to develop a high-resolution high-speed multi-dimensional KTN deflector, we studied the deflection behavior of KTN deflectors in the case of coexisting pre-injected space charge and composition gradient. We find that such coexistence can enable new functionalities of KTN crystal based electro-optic deflectors. When the direction of the composition gradient is parallel to the direction of the external electric field, the zero-deflection position can be shifted, which can reduce the internal electric field induced beam distortion, and thus enhance the resolution. When the direction of the composition gradient is perpendicular to the direction of the external electric field, two-dimensional beam scanning can be achieved by harnessing only one single piece of KTN crystal, which can result in a compact, high-speed two-dimensional deflector. Both theoretical analyses and experiments are conducted, which are consistent with each other. These new functionalities can expedite the usage of KTN deflection in many applications such as high-speed 3D printing, high-speed, high-resolution imaging, and free space broadband optical communication.

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Electric-field-controlled optical beam splitter using the Kerr effect and the Nb/(Ta + Nb) composition ratio gradient

Cited by 6 publications

References 29 publications

Conical holes arrays for 2 × 2 ports division

Conical holes arrays for 2 × 2 ports division

Three order increase in scanning speed of space charge-controlled KTN deflector by eliminating electric field induced phase transition in nanodisordered KTN

New functionalities of potassium tantalate niobate deflectors enabled by the coexistence of pre-injected space charge and composition gradient

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