Electric modeling and characterization of pulsed high‐voltage nanoelectrospray ionization sources by a miniature ion trap mass spectrometer

Xu, Zuqiang; Wu, Haimei; Tang, Yang; Xu, Wei; Zhai, Yanbing

doi:10.1002/jms.4361

Cited by 5 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 52 publications

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“…11,12 Furthermore, the short duration of applied voltage reduces ESI-induced electrochemical reactions of the analyte. 13 Moreover, enhanced resistance to emitter tip clogging 14 and reduced emitter tip damage from corona discharge 15 have been reported for nano-ESI operated in pulsed mode.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…For example, higher sensitivities and improved signal-to-noise ratios have been observed for a pulsed nano-ESI relative to a continuous nano-ESI source. , Furthermore, the short duration of applied voltage reduces ESI-induced electrochemical reactions of the analyte . Moreover, enhanced resistance to emitter tip clogging and reduced emitter tip damage from corona discharge have been reported for nano-ESI operated in pulsed mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Pulsed Nano-ESI: Application in Ion Mobility-MS and Insights into Spray Dynamics

McMahon

Dalvi

Lesniewski

et al. 2020

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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We have previously shown that pulsed nano-ESI offers direct ion introduction into an AP-IM cell in the absence of conventional gates and desolvation. Here, we further characterize this ion injection method and utilize it to gain insights into nano-ESI pulsed spray dynamics. We demonstrate that a pulsed nano-ESI operated at 20 Hz with ion generation pulses of 170−510 μs offers reproducible ion arrival times (0.09−0.21% RSD). Arrival times are then translated to effective collision cross sections (CCSs) using tetraalkylammonium ions as CCS internal standards. For ions with low solvent affinity, effective CCS values match those reported for fully desolvated ions. For amino acids and a series of alkylamine homologues, the effective CCS values are higher than those for fully desolvated ions and correlate with solvent affinity, suggesting that ions with high hydration affinities traverse the mobility cell as hydrated ions. Notably, hydrates are not observed in the MS spectra due to ion activation during the transport into vacuum. Using these observations as a framework to interpret effective CCS values, we investigate the impact of nano-ESI pulse duration on ion properties. We observe that longer pulse durations lead to the enhancement of ion abundance for low-ionizationefficiency analytes and a reduction in clustering. However, effective CCSs are not significantly altered by spray pulse duration, implying that similar ion structures emerge rapidly at all investigated pulse durations. Ion abundance results suggest a temporal evolution of droplets in pulsed nano-ESI where droplets emitted later in the spray formation appear to be smaller, providing enhanced ionization.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulsed Nano-ESI: Application in Ion Mobility-MS and Insights into Spray Dynamics

McMahon

Dalvi

Lesniewski

et al. 2020

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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“…4 In addition, these pulsed techniques reduce emitter heating, allowing for higher voltages to be applied while decreasing the chances of clogging. 5 Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are intrinsically pulsed voltage generators 6 and have been previously deployed to improve upon DC nESI approaches. 7−9 TENG provide voltage to the nESI emitter by harvesting triboelectricity, the electrical potential generated when rubbing dissimilar materials against one another.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Triboelectric Nanogenerators for the Masses: A Low-Cost Do-It-Yourself Pulsed Ion Source for Sample-Limited Applications

Asef,

Vallejo,

Fernández

2024

J. Am. Soc. Mass Spectrom.

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Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG) are useful devices for converting mechanical motion into electric current using readily available materials. Though the applications for these devices span across many fields, TENG can be leveraged for mass spectrometry (MS) as inexpensive and effective power supplies for pulsed nanoelectrospray ionization (nESI). The inherently discontinuous spray provided by TENG is particularly useful in scenarios where high sample economy is imperative, as in the case of ultraprecious samples. Previous work has shown the utility of TENG MS as a highly sensitive technique capable of yielding quality spectra from only a few microliters of sample at low micromolar concentrations. As the field of miniaturized, fieldable mass spectrometers grows, it remains critical to develop advanced ion sources with similarly small power requirements and footprints. Here, we present a redesigned TENG ion source with a sub-1000 USD material cost, lower power consumption, reduced footprint, and improved capabilities. We validate the performance of this new device for a diverse set of applications, including lipid double bond localization and native protein analysis.

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“…6,7,10,16 Moreover, heating of the emitter tip, deformation by electrical discharge, and clogging of the emitter are minimized in pulsed mode, facilitating the long-term use of nano-ESI tips. 7,17 Importantly, pulsed nano-ESI has also shown promise in enhancing ionization. In one study comparing continuous nano-ESI operated at 150 nL/min to 20 Hz pulsed operation of the same source, 3.6 fold higher protonated reserpine intensities were detected in the pulsed mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perturbation-induced high-frequency pulsing of nano-ESI with facile ion selection at atmospheric pressure

McMahon

Jorabchi

2020

Analyst

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Electric modeling and characterization of pulsed high‐voltage nanoelectrospray ionization sources by a miniature ion trap mass spectrometer

Cited by 5 publications

References 52 publications

Pulsed Nano-ESI: Application in Ion Mobility-MS and Insights into Spray Dynamics

Pulsed Nano-ESI: Application in Ion Mobility-MS and Insights into Spray Dynamics

Triboelectric Nanogenerators for the Masses: A Low-Cost Do-It-Yourself Pulsed Ion Source for Sample-Limited Applications

Perturbation-induced high-frequency pulsing of nano-ESI with facile ion selection at atmospheric pressure

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