Electric VTOL Configurations Comparison

Bacchini, Alessandro; Cestino, Enrico

doi:10.3390/aerospace6030026

Cited by 208 publications

(99 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Regarding the detailed differences between conventional aircraft and eVTOL, modification to the DOC is presented in [11] and [19]. The estimation of the above cost follows [11][16][20][21] [22].…”

Section: Direct-operational Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost Analysis of eVTOL Configuration Design for an Air Ambulances System in Japan

Mihara¹,

Pawnlada²,

Nakamoto³

et al. 2021

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Electric-vertical-takeoff-and-landing (eVTOL) aircraft, known as urban air mobility or flying cars, are being considered for widespread use as air taxis, emergency medical transportation, sightseeing vehicles, and rural transportation, owing to their reduced-size, low-cost, and low-noise characteristics. In this study, we conduct an interview at a Japanese hospital that currently uses a helicopter for medical emergencies to output the mission profile. Due to current battery-technology limitations, the new air ambulance, which will deliver a doctor to a patient, is conceived as having 2 passengers, including the pilot. Two eVTOL configurations are studied: a fixed-wing craft and a multi-rotor. The purpose of this study is to develop a cost model for a new air ambulance through a combination of 3 approaches: top-down, bottom-up, and parametric. The cost model is constructed to analyze the production cost of each configuration, broken down into the capital expense and direct operating cost. The result shows that the multi-rotor's production cost is lower than the fixed-wing craft. The direct operating cost of a fixed-wing craft at high flight hours is higher than that of the multi-rotor. Scenario analysis shows a result that the capacity difference of a battery has a significant difference in the cost in the years 2020 and 2030 due to the high cost of battery replacement.

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Section: Direct-operational Costmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cost Analysis of eVTOL Configuration Design for an Air Ambulances System in Japan

Mihara¹,

Pawnlada²,

Nakamoto³

et al. 2021

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“…eVTOL aircraft can assume multiple configurations, and it is difficult to track the developments of the many start-ups and other more well-known organisations (43) . One source to keep track of such developments is the Electric VTOL News (42) , where more than 170 aircraft are classified into several categories:…”

Section: Aircraft Systemsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…8 presents a comparison of travel distance versus time for a car and a VTOL aircraft. Bacchini and Cestino (43) present reference missions related to distance as follows:…”

Section: A Review Of Uam Operational Conceptsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The state of the art and operational scenarios for urban air mobility with unmanned aircraft

Maia

Saúde

2021

Aeronaut. j.

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A state-of-the-art review of all the developments, standards and regulations associated with the use of major unmanned aircraft systems under development is presented. Requirements and constraints are identified by evaluating technologies specific to urban air mobility, considering equivalent levels of safety required by current and future civil aviation standards. Strategies, technologies and lessons learnt from remotely piloted aviation and novel unmanned traffic management systems are taken as the starting point to assess operational scenarios for autonomous urban air mobility.

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“…Extensive research is being pursued around the globe to examine a range of air taxi configurations for designing the state-of-the-art eVTOL aircraft (Datta, 2018). Most research on the eVTOL design has resorted to the use of three primary vehicle classifications (as presented in Figure 4): (i) Vectored Thrust, (ii) Lift + Cruise, and (iii) Wingless Multicopter (Bacchini and Cestino, 2019). Procuring the right mix of air taxi types is a strategic choice as it has longterm impact and high capital investment.…”

Section: Air Taxi Configurationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Air taxi service for urban mobility: A critical review of recent developments, future challenges, and opportunities

Rajendran

Srinivas

2020

Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Re

138

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Expected to operate in the imminent future, air taxi service (ATS) is an aerial on-demand transport for a single passenger or a small group of riders, which seeks to transform the method of everyday commute. This uncharted territory in the emerging transportation world is anticipated to enable consumers bypass traffic congestion in urban road networks. By adopting an electric vertical takeoff and landing concept (eVTOL), air taxis could be operational from skyports retrofitted on building rooftops, thus gaining advantage from an implementation standpoint. Motivated by the potential impact of ATS, this study provides a review of air taxi systems and associated operations. We first discuss the current developments in the ATS (demand prediction, air taxi network design, and vehicle configuration). Next, we anticipate potential future challenges of ATS from an operations management perspective, and review the existing literature that could be leveraged to tackle these problems (ride-matching, pricing strategies, vehicle maintenance scheduling, and pilot training and recruitment). Finally, we detail future research opportunities in the air taxi domain.

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Electric VTOL Configurations Comparison

Cited by 208 publications

References 12 publications

Cost Analysis of eVTOL Configuration Design for an Air Ambulances System in Japan

Cost Analysis of eVTOL Configuration Design for an Air Ambulances System in Japan

The state of the art and operational scenarios for urban air mobility with unmanned aircraft

Air taxi service for urban mobility: A critical review of recent developments, future challenges, and opportunities

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