Electrical conductivity enhancement of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films reactively sputtered in a hydrogen plasma

Al-Kuhaili, M.F.

doi:10.1007/s10854-019-02813-9

Cited by 37 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…This is attributed to the UV beam irradiation effect, which can cause oxygen vacancies and surface trapped electrons, which absorb oxygen molecules, thereby resulting in a hydrophilic surface. 35 With respect to the contact angle of DI water, hydrophilicity can cause higher surface energy for the alignment surface compared to hydrophobicity. 36,37 It indicates that as the UV exposure time increases, the hybrid film surface energy also increases.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…As the UV exposure time increased from 1 min to 3 min and 6 min, the contact angle of the hybrid films to DI water decreased from 80.6° to 75.1° and 65.9°. This is attributed to the UV beam irradiation effect, which can cause oxygen vacancies and surface trapped electrons, which absorb oxygen molecules, thereby resulting in a hydrophilic surface 35 . With respect to the contact angle of DI water, hydrophilicity can cause higher surface energy for the alignment surface compared to hydrophobicity 36,37 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Well‐ordered nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid thin film construction via UV nanoimprint lithography applicable to liquid crystal systems

Lee

Won

Kim

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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In this study, a well‐ordered unidirectional nanostructure was successfully imprinted on a UV curable polymer/indium oxide hybrid film using UV nanoimprint lithography (NIL). The surface morphologies of the hybrid films were analyzed by atomic force microscopy (AFM), and the uniform nanostructure with a period of 820 nm and height of 30 nm was observed on a 6 min UV‐irradiated film by line profile from AFM. The chemical modification of the films according to UV irradiation time was analyzed by X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The nanopatterned hybrid film was applied to the liquid crystal (LC) alignment layer and the polarized optical microscopy and pretilt angle analysis demonstrated the highly uniform and homogeneous LC alignment state. The unidirectional nanostructure guided the LCs orientation and the aligned surface anisotropy which induces the uniform LC alignment. The hybrid film chemical affinity was analyzed by contact angle measurement, and the increased surface energy after UV irradiation contributed to the homogeneous LC alignment. Therefore, various organic/inorganic hybrid films can be used for nanostructure construction via UV NIL, and it has a high potential for application in diverse LC systems.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Well‐ordered nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid thin film construction via UV nanoimprint lithography applicable to liquid crystal systems

Lee

Won

Kim

et al. 2022

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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show abstract

“…where a, b and c are constants related to the nature of the considered material, while σ b is the conductivity of bulk ITO (5000 S cm -1 ). 35 Fit of the experimental results is shown in Fig. 4b.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly conductive low-temperature combustion-derived transparent indium tin oxide thin film

et al. 2021

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“…Numerous papers and patents have been published based on these conductors regarding various transparent RF applications, such as antennas [50,[55][56][57]72,[75][76][77] and absorbers. [19,21,[78][79][80][81] However, these materials have relatively low electrical conductivities (about 10 5 S m −1 ), [71,[82][83][84] resulting in a higher insertion loss for RF electronics. In addition, the transmittance of such conductors is not high.…”

Section: Printable Materials For Transparent Rf Electronicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optically Transparent and Flexible Radio Frequency Electronics through Printing Technologies

Akhter

Vaseem

et al. 2022

Adv Materials Technologies

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on several nonplanar objects and worn by humans, they must be mechanically flexible. Moreover, to maintain the abundance of such wireless devices in a smart city and still maintain the aesthetics, it is desirable that they be optically transparent. Finally, to afford this IoT revolution, in which billions of devices are required, the cost of an individual device must be extremely low. As displayed in Figure 1, this new form of transparent RF electronics can help in many smart city applications without affecting the functions of the existing structures where they will be deployed. For example, specially designed periodic structures, namely reconfigurable intelligent surfaces (RIS), can enhance the 5G and beyond communication by increasing the coverage area, spectrum, and energy efficiency. [7] Transparent RIS integrated on buildings, cars, and train windows can optimize the reflection and transmission characteristics of the 5G signal according to the user positions via tunable and switchable devices. [8] Transparent antennas on cars can provide diverse connectivity for radio, GPS, television, smartphones, and so on while maintaining aesthetics. [9][10][11] This can likewise serve as a mainstream technology for autonomous cars, which would rely on radar antennas on the car body. Another example is a transparent frequency selective surface (FSS), which is a periodic structure for selectively shielding from unwanted frequency bands while allowing the bands of interest to pass through. [12][13][14][15][16][17] Other examples of transparent RF electronics include RF circuits, [18] EM absorbers, [19][20][21] RF shielding, [22][23][24][25] and RF energy harvesting. [26,27] A highly suitable approach to realize this new form of mechanically flexible and optically transparent RF electronics is via printing technologies. Printed electronics (PE), as the name suggests, are electronic devices manufactured using traditional printing technologies. Compared with conventional fabrication techniques, such as milling, photolithography, and etching, [11,18,20,28,29] printing has many merits that make it suitable for the subsequent generations of electronics, such as ease of mass production with simple procedures, lower costs, higher throughput, and the ability to work with flexible materials and substrates. PE technologies allow for the direct deposition of various materials, including conductors, semiconductors, and dielectrics, among others, on different flexible substrates to form 2D and 3D patterns. PE has been widely

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Electrical conductivity enhancement of indium tin oxide (ITO) thin films reactively sputtered in a hydrogen plasma

Cited by 37 publications

References 60 publications

Well‐ordered nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid thin film construction via UV nanoimprint lithography applicable to liquid crystal systems

Well‐ordered nanostructured organic/inorganic hybrid thin film construction via UV nanoimprint lithography applicable to liquid crystal systems

Highly conductive low-temperature combustion-derived transparent indium tin oxide thin film

Optically Transparent and Flexible Radio Frequency Electronics through Printing Technologies

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