Electrical properties of antimony doped PLZT ceramics prepared by mixed-oxide route

Antimony Oxide-Doped 0.99Pb(Zr0.53Ti0.47)O3–0.01Bi(Y1−xSbx)O3 Piezoelectric Ceramics for Energy-Harvesting Applications

“…A similar observation was also reported by Dutta et al where they doped Sb 3+ into the Pb 2+ site [20]. Additionally, The Sb2O3-doped specimen shows higher sintered density (7.96 g/cm 3 at x = 0.1) than the undoped specimen (7.91 g/cm 3 at x = 0.0).…”

“…It can be speculated that Bi 3+ , Y 3+ and Sb 3+ enter into the Pb 2+ site as donor ions in the PZT system to create A-site vacancies in the lattice. Similarly, a donor doping effect of Sb 3+ was reported by Dutta et al [20]. They studied the structural, dielectric and electrical properties of PZT ceramic extensively to find out the effect of double-doping (La 3+ and Sb 3+ ) at the Pb 2+ -site of PZT.…”

“…Among all the compositions, a peak density of 7.96 g/cm 3 (99.1% of the theoretical density) was obtained at x = 0.1. [20]. Additionally, The Sb 2 O 3 -doped specimen shows higher sintered density (7.96 g/cm 3 at x = 0.1) than the undoped specimen (7.91 g/cm 3 at x = 0.0).…”

Mechanical stability of piezoelectric properties in ferroelectric perovskites

“…[27] Sb--doping has also been observed to decrease the coercive field significantly. [28] This indicates that Sb might be in the Sb 5+ oxidation state or Sb 3+ may also partially occupy the A--site and, therefore, act as a donor dopant. The primary reason for doping PZT with Sb appears to be the increased Curie point and the improved fatigue behavior.…”

“…The primary reason for doping PZT with Sb appears to be the increased Curie point and the improved fatigue behavior. [28] The hard PZT (PIC181, PI Ceramic GmbH, Lederhose, Germany) has the following composition Pb1.00[Zr0.47Ti0.48(Mn0.33Sb0.32Nb0.33)0.05]1.00O3. Mn 2+ acts as an acceptor--dopant on the B--site, whereas Nb 5+ is a donor dopant.…”