Electrical properties of calcium modified PZT (52/48) ceramics

Structural, dielectric and magnetic properties of nickel substituted cobalt ferrite nanoparticles: Effect of nickel concentration

“…In the case of other samples the interior grains shows the deviated semicircle and hence the magnetization is decreased. 33 The exchange of Fe 2+ ↔ Fe 3+ gives the local displacement of electrons in the direction of applied electric field, which induces the polarization in ferrites and magnitude of exchange depends on the concentration of Fe 2+ /Fe 3+ ion pairs present at B site for the given ferrite. 34 Such types of behavior is reported earlier by Patil et al 35 The dispersion occurring in the lower frequency regime is attributed due to Maxwell-Wagner type interfacial polarization and is in agreement with Koop's phenomenological theory.…”

Preparation and properties of 3–1 type PZT ceramics by a self-organization method

“…6, the measured r values of porous ceramics were lower than predicted results. Based on the almost equal ionic radii Ca 2+ ion (r Ca 2+ = 0.99 Å) and Pb 2+ ion (r pb 2+ = 1.19 Å), it was expected that Ca 2+ would preferentially replace Pb 2+ in the lattice at a moderate doping level, inducing the increase of the relative permittivity for the lattice distortion [24]. However, for calcium concentration achieving a high level of 0.54 wt% in this study, there were excess calcium ions residing on the grain boundaries.…”

Structural phase transition and electrical properties of Sr2+ substituted porous PMN‐PZT ceramics

“…It is deduced that, within the content of SrO addition in this research, the liquid phase of substituted PbO was easily formed during the early and middle stages of sintering and acted as a sintering aid, which was benefit to the increase in relative density and ε r of porous PMN‐PZT ceramics, as listed in Table . Another possible reason was the lattice distortion due to ionic radius mismatch in Pb site, which enhanced domain wall mobility and lead to the increase in ε r …”

“…17 Another possible reason was the lattice distortion due to ionic radius mismatch in Pb site, which enhanced domain wall mobility and lead to the increase in e r . 18,19 The main piezoelectric properties of the porous PMN-PZT ceramics were given in Table 1. The longitudinal piezoelectric strain coefficient (d 33 ) increased from 415 pC/ N to 510 pC/N with the addition of SrO.…”