Electrical Properties of Polymers

Riande, Evaristo; Díaz‐Calleja, Ricardo

doi:10.1201/9781420030471

Cited by 138 publications

(88 citation statements)

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“…As mentioned before, the temperature dependence of the primary or α-relaxation is described by VFTH equation [24][25][26][39][40][41][42][43]. The deviation of the α relaxation from the Arrhenius behaviour may be quantified by the fragility parameter D 0 [44][45] in a modified form of the VFTH equation…”

Section: Dielectric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It can be seen that the relaxation times follows an Arrhenius behaviour with activation energy of 59.8 ±0.1kJ·mol -1 . It is well known that the relaxations associated with the glass transition follow a behaviour defined by the Vogel-Fulcher-Tammann-Hesse (VFTH) equation [24][25][26][39][40][41][42][43]:…”

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We carried out the dielectric and mechanical analysis by means of Broadband Dielectric Spectroscopy and Dynamic Mechanical Analysis respectively, in a wide range of temperatures and frequencies [24][25][26][27]. These techniques yields a wealth of information about of the molecular mobility and this type of information is very useful in order to understand the behaviour of these materials when they are used in their final applications [28].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relaxational study of poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-butyl acrylate) membrane by dielectric and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy

Redondo-Foj¹,

Carsí²,

Ortiz-Serna³

et al. 2013

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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A poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-butyl acrylate) (60VP-40BA) membrane has been synthesized as a tractable and hydrophilic material, obtaining a water swelling percentage around 60%. An investigation of molecular mobility by means of Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), Dynamic Mechanical Analysis (DMA) and Broadband Dielectric Relaxation Spectroscopy (DRS) has been fulfilled in the dry membrane. Dielectric and viscoelastic relaxation measurements have been carried out on the 60VP-40BA sample at several frequencies between -150ºC to 150ºC .The dielectric spectrum shows several relaxation processes labelled as γ, β and α in increasing order of temperature, whereas in the mechanical spectrum only the β and α relaxation processes are completely defined. In the dielectric measurements, conductive contributions overlap the α-relaxation. The apparent activation energies have similar values for the β-relaxation in both, the mechanical and the dielectric measurements. The β process is related to the local motions of the pyrrolidone group and the γ process is connected with the butyl units motions, both located in the side chains of the polymer.

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Section: Dielectric Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Dynamic Mechanical Measurementsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Relaxational study of poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-butyl acrylate) membrane by dielectric and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy

Redondo-Foj¹,

Carsí²,

Ortiz-Serna³

et al. 2013

J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.

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“…To determine the BET surface area of treated egg shells the Bruner-Emmet-Teller procedure [21] was used. It is based on multilayer adsorption of nitrogen gas on adsorbent surface and investigates the micro porous surface of adsorbent.…”

Section: Bet Surface Areamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, these egg shells can be used as an excellent adsorbent because of their porous nature; about 700 to 1,700 pores are present on the surface an egg shell [18,19] . The egg shells are also attractive as adsorbent due to their good mechanical properties and thermal stability [20] and already used as adsorbent for the removal of heavy metals [21] , phenolic compounds [22] , dyes [23] , and pesticides [24] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The adsorptive potential of chicken egg shells for the removal of oxalic acid from wastewater

Ikram

Rehman

Ali

et al. 2016

JBEI

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Chicken egg shells were grinded and sieved to an exact particle size of 125 micron and treated with excess aqua regia and n-hexane to remove inorganic and organic impurities. Adsorption of oxalic acid from waste water was studied on treated powder egg shells by kinetics and batch adsorption techniques at different temperatures, 20ºC, 30ºC and 40ºC. The samples were characterized by BET surface area, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopy (FTIR) and energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) techniques. The amount of acid adsorbed was determined with respect to initial acid concentration, equilibrium time and different acid concentration manually by titration method. Intra-particle diffusion, Elovich and Bhangam models were used for adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic parameters ΔH ≠ , ΔS ≠ and ΔE ≠ were calculated. The results obtained showed that adsorption process was spontaneous and entropy of adsorption had negative value. Freundlich, Langmuir, Tempkin and Harkins-Jura linear equations were used to investigate adsorption isotherms. This work will provide feasible routes for waste water treatment.

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Electrical Properties

Mathes

2010

Encyclopedia of Polymer Science and Technology

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Polymers, both uncompounded and compounded, are used in many electrical applications, often as primary electrical insulation. In other cases, such plastics may have primarily a structural function, but also an electrical function. The electrical behavior of insulating materials is influenced by temperature, time,mositure, and other contaminants, geometric relationships, mechanical stress and electodes, and frequency and magnitude of the applied voltage. These factors interact in a complex fashion. These article covers theoretical aspects, electric breakdown, conductive resistance, alternating current characteristics, and special electrical characteristics. The electrical properties of plastics are measured to determine performance capability in electrical applications; evaluate characteristics other than electrical; provide quality assurance; to serve as a means of identification and research tool; and to provide a basis for the buyer‐seller relationship.

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Electrical Properties of Polymers

Cited by 138 publications

References 0 publications

Relaxational study of poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-butyl acrylate) membrane by dielectric and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy

Relaxational study of poly(vinylpyrrolidone-co-butyl acrylate) membrane by dielectric and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy

The adsorptive potential of chicken egg shells for the removal of oxalic acid from wastewater

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