Electrical Resistivities of Liquid Transition Metals

Abstract

A method is described which permits direct measurement of the electrical resistivity, ρ, of liquid metals to temperatures above 1900°C. The method is applied to the measurement of ρ and dρ/dT for liquid Fe and liquid Pt. For liquid Fe we find ρ = 137.6 ± 1.0 and dρ/dT = .018 ± .003 ; for liquid Pt the results are ρ = 82.6 ± 2.0 and dρ/dT = 0.00 ± .01. The units are µΩ-cm and µΩ-cm/°C, respectively

Spin treatment-based approach for electronic transport in paramagnetic liquid transition metals

“…In this work, we have shown that the DOS and the resistivity curves vs. energy exhibit features, notably the two 'main' peaks. The calculated resistivity values agree exceptionally well with their experimental counterparts [23][24][25][26]. From this feature, e.g.…”

“…The resistivity of liquid iron has been measured by Güntherodt et al [23] ( ρ exp = 137 μΩ cm), Wright [24] (( ρ exp = 140 μΩ cm) and Van Zytveld. [25] ( ρ exp = 137.6 ± 1 μΩ cm). Assuming that the mean experimental value is equal to ρ exp = 138 μΩ cm, our calculated value ρ pres = 154.77 μΩ cm overestimates the experimental one by jq pres À q exp j=q exp ¼ 12 %.…”

Electrical resistivity and thermal conductivity of hcp Fe–Ni alloys under high pressure: Implications for thermal convection in the Earth’s core

“…Indeed, the resistivity change upon melting is known to be very small for transition metals, whereas it is enhanced by a factor of 1.5-2.3 in non-transition metals (Faber, 1972;Mott and Jones, 1958;Van Zytveld, 1980). Van Zytveld (1980) reported that the resistivity increases by $8% upon melting for iron at 1 bar. Such minor change has been confirmed for Fe up to 7 GPa by large-volume press experiments (Secco and Schloessin, 1989) and also for Fe-Si up to 5 GPa (Kiarasi, 2013).…”

Selection of electrodes for the ˝in situ˝ electrical resistivity measurements of molten aluminium

“…The four-probe DC method is used to eliminating the measurement of wires' resistivities and is used for measuring small resistivity. In order to eliminate thermoelectric effects on contacts between electrodes and the sample, the current with very low frequency square wave [7] or bidirectional current [8,9] is used.…”

“…Dissolved electrodes in liquid metal can change the chemical composition of a sample which is influencing electrical resistivity and pour wetting between the electrode and the melt again negatively influences contact resistance, so the wetting should be good [8]. Different authors have used electrodes of several materials, such as tungsten, platinum, molybdenum, graphite, high alloyed stainless-steel and nickel [7][8][9][15][16][17] for measuring electrical resistivities of different metals. For aluminium and aluminium alloys they used tungsten [17] graphite [15] and stainless-steel [16] electrodes.…”