Electrical stimuli improve osteogenic differentiation mediated by aniline pentamer and PLGA nanocomposites

Abstract

Electrical stimulation may improve the proliferation of animal cells. In the present study, osteoblasts were cultured on electroactive aniline pentamer (AP)/poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) copolymer composites, on which electric pulse was imposed. The combination of polymer and electric pulse enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of the osteoblasts, characterized by the upregulated expression of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, collagen I and osteonectin and the phosphorylation of Samd4, in contrast to polymer or electrical pulse alone. This action occurred in a polymer content-dependent manner. Therefore, the action of the electric pulse, assisted by the electroactive polymer implant, may be promising in the expedition of injured bone repair.

Poly (lactic acid)-based biomaterials for orthopaedic regenerative engineering

“…In fact, some studies have shown the possibility of tissue regeneration with modest electrical stimulation resulting in DNA synthesis and proliferation [202]. A recent study by Cao et al evaluated the effects of electrical stimulation via electrically conductive aniline pentamer-PLGA composites on bone cells [203]. The study showed, composites containing a minor portion of aniline pentamer (5% by wt) elicited a 50% increase in cell viability at earlier time points (1-day) and a slightly lower (30%) cell viability at longer time points (7-days).…”

“…The study showed, composites containing a minor portion of aniline pentamer (5% by wt) elicited a 50% increase in cell viability at earlier time points (1-day) and a slightly lower (30%) cell viability at longer time points (7-days). In addition to cell viability, they further showed that BMP-2, collagen-I, and osteonectin expression were upregulated at all time points in composites containing aniline pentamers, thereby demonstrating the usefulness of electrical stimulation on osteogenesis [203]. Similarly to this study, Bagchi et al studied the electrical, mechanical, and chemical properties of three perovskite ceramic filled (calcium-, barium-, and strontium titanate) aliphatic polyester based composites on their capability to induce osteogenesis.…”

Conductive gelatin methacrylate-poly(aniline) hydrogel for cell encapsulation

“…[4,5] However, the electrically nonconductive nature of hydrogels impedes its use for excitable cells such as neural, skeletal and cardiac muscle, and bone cells. [6,7] To extend the utility of hydrogels, conducting 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 3 elements like metallic nanoparticles [8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and inherently conductive polymers (IHPs) [6,[15][16][17][18][19] have been incorporated within hydrogel matrices in order to add conductive properties to the 3D microenvironments.…”

Sequential application of mineralized electroconductive scaffold and electrical stimulation for efficient osteogenesis

“…2). 9,46 Each well experienced an electrical signal with a 2 V voltage and 100 Hz frequency for 2 h/day for 7 and 14 days. The conductive scaffolds were placed on the top of the electrodes and in contact with them.…”