Electrical Weed Control: Theory and Applications

Vigneault, Clément; Benoit, Diane Lyse

doi:10.1007/978-3-662-04584-8_12

Cited by 14 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…Impaired plant tissue functionality following induction of temperatures >55 °C have been reported previously 17 . Such temperatures were reported to damage protein and membrane structures, 16 thus, supporting our observations of complete plant death following treatment 21 . The exact control mechanisms and the overall impact that the electrophysical treatment has on the plant physiological was not fully elucidated, and there is still room for much research.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…Thus, the new systems can be considered operationally safe, especially in comparison to commercialized systems that use 50–200 kW and 3 A electric current application, posing a great risk for the operator 19 . Although the weeding systems described in previous studies were field‐oriented, 16,19 and the current systems were tested under laboratory conditions, their upscaling would not be expected to demand extremely different settings, thus, maintaining their economic and user safety advantages.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The potential use of electrical energy to control weeds has been known since the late 1800s 16 . Electrical energy (electrophysical treatment of weed) is considered a sustainable means of control as it neither causes soil erosion nor leaves chemical residue or contamination in the soil or the plant 17 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Power on! Low‐energy electrophysical treatment is an effective new weed control approach

Lati

Rosenfeld

David

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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BACKGROUND Environmental concerns are driving the call for adoption of alternative nonchemical weeding approaches. This study aimed to develop and evaluate a novel, precise, low‐energy electrophysical treatment weeding systems and to provide new insight into their control mechanism. Two electrophysical treatment systems, based on AC (2.2 kV) and DC (40 kV) energy sources, were developed and evaluated. The impacts of various operational and biological factors on the weed control effectiveness were evaluated. Additionally, thermal images were taken during the treatments to document plant temperature. RESULTS Treatments via direct leaf contact caused greater damage to Amaranth plants than the stem contact treatments, with 75% and 20% biomass reduction compared to control, respectively. Treatment of early growth stages was favorable over later growth stages, with 100% and 75% biomass reduction for Trifolium pretense plants treated with 0.0125 W h 2 and 4 weeks after seeding, respectively, compared to control. Additionally, the applied energy affected treatment performance, with its impact varying across the growth stages and species; at the two‐leaf growth stage, 0.0025 W h treatment was sufficient for plant death. A >40 °C increase in plant temperature was measured during the electrophysical treatment, with the temperature of some plant organs reaching ~70 °C. CONCLUSION Results from this study demonstrate the potential use of electrophysical treatment as an effective weed control tool. The low energetic demands in the new systems provide suitable control results when applied at early stages. Temperature increase seemed to be one of the main control factors, yet efficacy was affected by various biological factors.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Power on! Low‐energy electrophysical treatment is an effective new weed control approach

Lati

Rosenfeld

David

et al. 2021

Pest Management Science

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“…Automated weed control, including weed detection and removal, has gained significant popularity in the community of precision farming over recent years (Bechar & Vigneault, 2017; Fennimore, Slaughter, Siemens, Leon, & Saber, 2016), due to its great potential to improve the weeding efficiency while reducing the environmental and economic costs. Many robotic weed control systems have been proposed with focuses primarily on single tactics (Slaughter, Giles, & Downey, 2008): selective chemical spraying (Lee, Slaughter, & Giles, 1999), mechanical weeding (Pannacci, Lattanzi, & Tei, 2017), flaming (Datta & Knezevic, 2013), and electrical discharging (Blasco, Aleixos, Roger, Rabatel, & Molto, 2002; Vigneault & Benoît, 2001; Xiong, Ge, Liang, & Blackmore, 2017). However, the study (Kunz, Weber, Peteinatos, Sökefeld, & Gerhards, 2018) indicates that a combination of tactics could maximize weeding performance, named integrated weed management (Chikowo, Faloya, Petit, & Munier‐Jolain, 2009; Young, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Robotic weed control using automated weed and crop classification

Aravecchia

Lottes

et al. 2020

Journal of Field Robotics

124

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Autonomous robotic weeding systems in precision farming have demonstrated their full potential to alleviate the current dependency on agrochemicals such as herbicides and pesticides, thus reducing environmental pollution and improving sustainability. However, most previous works require fast and constant‐time weed detection systems to achieve real‐time treatment, which forecloses the implementation of more capable but time‐consuming algorithms, for example, learning‐based methods. In this paper, a nonoverlapping multicamera system is applied to provide flexibility for the weed control system in dealing with the indeterminate classification delays. The design, implementation, and testing of our proposed modular weed control unit with mechanical and chemical weeding tools are presented. A framework that performs naive Bayes filtering, 3D direct intra‐ and inter‐camera visual tracking, and predictive control, while integrating state‐of‐the‐art crop/weed detection algorithms, is developed to guide the tools to achieve high‐precision weed removal. The experimental results show that our proposed fully operational weed control system is capable of performing selective mechanical as well as chemical in‐row weeding with indeterminate detection delays in different terrain conditions and crop growth stages.

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“…There are two research areas for robotic weed control: one is about the weed removal mechanisms for robotic actuation; and the other is related to the control of the weeding tools. Four categories of weed removal mechanisms have been reported, including mechanical weeding, precision chemical spraying, flaming, and high‐voltage electrical discharge …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crop recognition under weedy conditions based on 3D imaging for robotic weed control

Tang

2017

Journal of Field Robotics

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A 3D time‐of‐flight camera was applied to develop a crop plant recognition system for broccoli and green bean plants under weedy conditions. The developed system overcame the previously unsolved problems caused by occluded canopy and illumination variation. An efficient noise filter was developed to remove the sparse noise points in 3D point cloud space. Both 2D and 3D features including the gradient of amplitude and depth image, surface curvature, amplitude percentile index, normal direction, and neighbor point count in 3D space were extracted and found effective for recognizing these two types of plants. Separate segmentation algorithms were developed for each of the broccoli and green bean plant in accordance with their 3D geometry and 2D amplitude characteristics. Under the experimental condition where the crops were heavily infested by various types of weed plants, detection rates over 88.3% and 91.2% were achieved for broccoli and green bean plant leaves, respectively. Additionally, the crop plants were segmented out with nearly complete shape. Moreover, the algorithms were computationally optimized, resulting in an image processing speed of over 30 frames per second.

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Electrical Weed Control: Theory and Applications

Cited by 14 publications

References 5 publications

Power on! Low‐energy electrophysical treatment is an effective new weed control approach

Power on! Low‐energy electrophysical treatment is an effective new weed control approach

Robotic weed control using automated weed and crop classification

Crop recognition under weedy conditions based on 3D imaging for robotic weed control

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